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Review
. 2017;18(4):277-288.
doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1600460.

Immune response of T cells during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection

Jie Zhang  1 , Huan Liu  1 , Bin Wei  1
Affiliations
Review

Immune response of T cells during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection

Jie Zhang et al. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2017.

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a neurotropic member of the alphaherpes virus family, is among the most prevalent and successful human pathogens. HSV-1 can cause serious diseases at every stage of life including fatal disseminated disease in newborns, cold sores, eye disease, and fatal encephalitis in adults. HSV-1 infection can trigger rapid immune responses, and efficient inhibition and clearance of HSV-1 infection rely on both the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host. Multiple strategies have been used to restrict host innate immune responses by HSV-1 to facilitate its infection in host cells. The adaptive immunity of the host plays an important role in inhibiting HSV-1 infections. The activation and regulation of T cells are the important aspects of the adaptive immunity. They play a crucial role in host-mediated immunity and are important for clearing HSV-1. In this review, we examine the findings on T cell immune responses during HSV-1 infection, which hold promise in the design of new vaccine candidates for HSV-1.

Keywords: Herpes simplex virus type 1; Adaptive immunity; T cells; Vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with ethics guidelines: Jie ZHANG, Huan LIU, and Bin WEI declare that they have no conflict of interest.

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Genome information and life cycle of HSV-1 (a) Structure of the HSV-1 DNA. The unique long (UL) region is flanked by the terminal repeat (TRL) and the internal repeat (IRL). The unique short (US) region is bounded by the terminal repeat (TRS) and the internal repeat (IRS). (b) HSV-1 life cycle. 1: entry into the host cell; 2: viral gene expression; 3: genome replication; 4: virion assembly; 5: release of new infectious virus
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Function of CD8+ TRM cells
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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