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Review
. 2017 May;6(4):R52-R58.
doi: 10.1530/EC-17-0021. Epub 2017 Apr 5.

Gut-thyroid axis and celiac disease

Aaron Lerner  1   2 , Patricia Jeremias  2 , Torsten Matthias  2
Affiliations
Review

Gut-thyroid axis and celiac disease

Aaron Lerner et al. Endocr Connect. 2017 May.

Abstract

Autoimmune thyroiditis has an increased prevalence in patients with celiac disease and vice versa. The objective of the current review is to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, serological, pathological, pathophysiological, hormonal, genetic and immunological factors shared between the two entities. They might represent the two ends of the gut-thyroid axis where the cross-talks' pathways are still unravelled. New observations are reviewed, highlighting some gut-thyroid interrelated pathways that potentially might lead to new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; autoimmunity; celiac disease; intestine; thyroid.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic presentation of (A) the bidirectional neuronal pathways connecting the thyroid through the vagal nerve to the intestinal neuronal plexus, finally inducing leaky gut. Parallel, multiple gut-thyroid shared traits (epidemiology, autoantibodies, genes, immune pathways and autoimmune diseases) influence the gut-thyroid axis; (B) the hormonal bidirectional cross-talks between the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid-gut hormones axes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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