Effectiveness of a program of information and support for myocardial infarction patients recovering at home

Abstract

The impact of patient education follow-up by telephone on the knowledge of the postmyocardial infarction (MI) patient was investigated in this study. On the basis of Orem's self-care framework, subjects' levels of knowledge in six criterion areas were assessed according to measurement criteria developed by Horn and Swain. Fifty-one subjects from the total population of MI patients admitted to the coronary care unit of the study hospital during the period of research who met study criteria were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Statistically significant differences (p less than 0.05) were found in the knowledge level of the experimental group in the areas of the disease, its effects, related self-care measures, recommended exercises, and all teaching areas together. Although significant differences were not found in the teaching areas of therapeutic diet, medications, physical activity restrictions, and recommended rest, a higher mean was produced for the experimental group in all but one area. These findings demonstrate that a telephone teaching program for MI patients 6 to 8 weeks after hospital discharge can be effective in increasing knowledge relative to the disease, self-care, and therapeutic regimen.