Intraocular Metastases--A Review
- PMID: 28399345
- DOI: 10.22608/APO.201712
Intraocular Metastases--A Review
Abstract
Intraocular metastases almost invariably arise in the uveal tract, mostly in the posterior choroid. They are the most common type of intraocular malignancy and often the first sign of tumor dissemination. Choroidal metastases generally appear as a creamy white or pale yellow mass associated with subretinal fluid and may be multifocal and bilateral. The most common primary sites are breast and lung. Diagnosis is aided by a variety of tests, particularly ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography. Intraocular biopsy is useful in patients with clinical suspicion of uveal metastasis but no evidence of primary malignancy despite systemic evaluation. If systemic treatment fails to control the ocular tumor, a good response is usually achieved with local therapies such as external beam radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and transpupillary thermotherapy. The life expectancy of patients with choroidal metastases is generally poor but has been improving thanks to the therapeutic advances taking place.
Keywords: choroidal metastases; intraocular metastases; uveal metastases.
Copyright 2017 Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology.
Similar articles
-
Survey of 520 eyes with uveal metastases.Ophthalmology. 1997 Aug;104(8):1265-76. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30148-1. Ophthalmology. 1997. PMID: 9261313
-
[Transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for intraocular metastases in choroid].Klin Oczna. 2011;113(4-6):132-5. Klin Oczna. 2011. PMID: 21913441 Polish.
-
Uveal Melanoma: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Management.Turk J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jun;46(3):123-137. doi: 10.4274/tjo.37431. Epub 2016 Jun 6. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2016. PMID: 27800275 Free PMC article. Review.
-
New concepts in the diagnosis and management of choroidal metastases.Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019 Jan;68:144-176. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.09.003. Epub 2018 Sep 19. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019. PMID: 30240895 Review.
-
[Choroidal metastases].An Sist Sanit Navar. 2008;31 Suppl 3:127-34. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2008. PMID: 19169300 Review. Spanish.
Cited by
-
Undetected Ocular Mass as a Critical Alert for Identifying Uveal Metastasis.Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2024 Oct 16;2024:5522370. doi: 10.1155/2024/5522370. eCollection 2024. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2024. PMID: 39444514 Free PMC article.
-
A case of choroidal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma significantly reduced by radiotherapy.IJU Case Rep. 2024 Dec 6;8(1):77-80. doi: 10.1002/iju5.12819. eCollection 2025 Jan. IJU Case Rep. 2024. PMID: 39749302 Free PMC article.
-
Clinical Characteristics and Management of Ocular Metastases.Cancers (Basel). 2025 Mar 20;17(6):1041. doi: 10.3390/cancers17061041. Cancers (Basel). 2025. PMID: 40149375 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Choroidal metastasis as the first sign of small cell lung cancer: A case report.Oncol Lett. 2025 Jul 18;30(4):451. doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15197. eCollection 2025 Oct. Oncol Lett. 2025. PMID: 40747380 Free PMC article.
-
Right eye metastasis of small‑cell lung carcinoma: A case report.Exp Ther Med. 2024 Jun 14;28(2):318. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12607. eCollection 2024 Aug. Exp Ther Med. 2024. PMID: 38939177 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical