Towards the determination of sulfonamides in meat samples: A magnetic and mesoporous metal-organic framework as an efficient sorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

A magnetic, mesoporous core/shell structured Fe₃O₄@JUC-48 nanocomposite was synthesized and employed as a magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for the determination of trace sulfonamides (SAs) in meat samples. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunner-Emmet-Teller, and vibrating sample magnetometry; the Fe₃O₄@JUC-48 nanocomposite exhibited a distinctive morphology, large surface area, high magnetism, open adsorption sites, and high chemical stability. By combining the optimized MSPE conditions with high performance liquid chromatography diode array detection, an accurate and sensitive method for the determination of 5 SAs, including sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamerazine (SMR), sulfamethazine (SMZ), and sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMP), was developed. The method exhibited good linearity in the range of 3.97-1000ng/g with R ranging from 0.9991 to 0.9994, high sensitivity with LODs ranging from 1.73 to 5.23ng/g, adequate recoveries between 76.1 and 102.6% with low relative standard deviations ranging from 2.1 to 6.4%, and high precision with RSD<4.5%. The Fe₃O₄@JUC-48 magnetic nanocomposite is a promising sorbent for the rapid and efficient extraction of SAs from complex biological samples such as chicken, pork, and shrimp.

Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC); Magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE); Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs); Sulfonamides (SAs).