Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 May;7(1):34.
doi: 10.1007/s13205-017-0611-2. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

Effect of C/N ratio and microelements on nutrient dynamics and cell morphology in submerged fermentation of Aspergillus giganteus MTCC 8408 using Taguchi DOE

Debashis Dutta  1 , Mira Debnath Das  2
Affiliations

Effect of C/N ratio and microelements on nutrient dynamics and cell morphology in submerged fermentation of Aspergillus giganteus MTCC 8408 using Taguchi DOE

Debashis Dutta et al. 3 Biotech. 2017 May.

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the effect of individual Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions upon the nutrient dynamics and cell morphology during submerged fermentation of Aspergillus giganteus MTCC 8408 in a medium containing ample soluble starch, corn steep liquor and proteose peptone supply. Nutrient dynamics was elucidated using Taguchi's DOE (design of experiment) L8 orthogonal array (OA) with carbon, nitrogen and four most influensive microelements at their assigned ratio namely; K+/Ca2+ and Mg2+/Na+. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to correlate the effect of selected factors on morphological changes and nutrient dynamics during submerged fermentation. At higher K+/Ca2+ ratio 4.78:1; the maximum growth was figured out in terms of dry weight, while the inhibition of dry weight production was observed at higher Mg2+/Na+ ratio 0.94:1 with enhanced intracellular afp production. At lower C/N ratio 27.4:1; filamentous form of growth was maintained with the hyphae being scarcely branched without bulbous cells. Membrane perturbation due to the induction of intracellular oxidative stress was noticed at higher C/N ration. Taguchi DOE resulted in afp yield per substrate utilized, Y p/s of 1.08 mg g-1 soluble starch utilized with gram dry cell weight (gdcw) of 23.9 g L-1 while afp yield per biomass utilized resulted, Y p/x of 1.12 mg afp gdcw-1 L-1 and biomass yield per substrate utilized, Y x/s of 1.195 gdcw g-1 L-1. The present study revealed an opportunity to develop a cost effective methods for cell propagation so as to yield effective inoculum levels towards mass production and formulation studies.

Keywords: Antifungal protein (afp); Aspergillus giganteus MTCC: 8408; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Taguchi (DOE) L8 orthogonal array (OA).

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Impact of selected factor at their assigned ratio Y p/x by A. giganteus MTCC: 8408 in submerged fermentation
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Severity index interaction plot and performance distribution plot
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Relative influence of factors and interactions at their assigned ratio
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Morphological differentiation of Aspergillus giganteus MTCC 8408 cell on nutrient dynamics and optimization. Lateral resolution: 2–10 µm; magnification: 5KX; EHT: 18.00 kV; WD: 9.5 mm
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Adour L, Couriol C, Amrane A, Prigent Y. Growth of Geotrichum candidum and Penicillium camembertii in liquid media in relation with the consumption of carbon and nitrogen sources and the release of ammonia and carbon dioxide. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2002;31(4):533–542. doi: 10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00149-7. - DOI
    1. Aggarwal A, Singh H, Kumar P, Singh M. Optimizing power consumption for CNC turned parts using response surface methodology and Taguchi’s technique—a comparative analysis. J Mater Proc Technol. 2008;200:373–384. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.09.041. - DOI
    1. Dutta D, Debntah Das M. Production and Optimization of Antifungal Protein Using Taguchi DOE. Germany: LAP (OmniScriptum GmbH & Co. KG); 2016.
    1. Engelkes CA, Nuclo RL, Fravel DR. Effect of carbon, nitrogen, and carbon to nitrogen ratio on growth, sporulation and biocontrol efficacy of Taloromyces flavus. Phytopathol. 1997;87:500–505. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.5.500. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Enoch YP, Yasuhisa K, Hong JC, Kenichi H, Shegeaki F. Morphological diversity of Mortierella alpina: effect of consumed carbon to nitrogen ratio in flask culture. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2001;6:161. doi: 10.1007/BF02932544. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources