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Review
. 2017 Mar;37(2):120-131.
doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.12.002.

Evolution of Cardiovascular Disease During the Transition to End-Stage Renal Disease

Nisha Bansal  1
Affiliations
Review

Evolution of Cardiovascular Disease During the Transition to End-Stage Renal Disease

Nisha Bansal. Semin Nephrol. 2017 Mar.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The rate of death in incident dialysis patients remains high. This has led to interest in the study of the evolution of CVD during the critical transition period from CKD to ESRD. Understanding the natural history and risk factors of clinical and subclinical CVD during this transition may help guide the timing of appropriate CVD therapies to improve outcomes in patients with kidney disease. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of subclinical and clinical CVD during the transition from CKD to ESRD and discusses clinical trials of CVD therapies to mitigate risk of CVD in CKD and ESRD patients.

Keywords: CKD; Cardiovascular disease; ESRD; transition.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Causes of death in ESRD patients (source: USRDS)
Figure 2
Figure 2
(Left) Cause-specific mortality rates and 95% confidence intervals for the <120-and 121- to 365-d periods. (Right) Percentage of all deaths during the <120 and 121- to 365-d periods that occur subsequent to withdrawal. (Bradbury et al. CJASN 2007;2:89–99)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cumulative probability of cardiovascular comorbidity during the transition to ESRD (data from USRDS)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Primary echocardiography end points by randomly assigned group at baseline and 12 months in the IDEAL trial. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; diff, difference; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle. (Whalley et al, AJKD 2013)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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