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. 2017 Mar-Apr;50(2):82-89.
doi: 10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0173.

Routine mammography: an opportunity for the diagnosis of chronic degenerative diseases? A cross-sectional study

Flávio Augusto Teixeira Ronzani  1 , Filomena Maria Kirchmaier  2 , Nathália Mussi Monteze  3 , Edson José de Carvalho Magacho  4 , Marcus Gomes Bastos  5 , Natália Maria da Silva Fernandes  6
Affiliations

Routine mammography: an opportunity for the diagnosis of chronic degenerative diseases? A cross-sectional study

Flávio Augusto Teixeira Ronzani et al. Radiol Bras. 2017 Mar-Apr.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate breast arterial calcification (BAC) detected on routine mammography, analyzing its association with chronic degenerative disease.

Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving women treated at a specialized outpatient clinic for high-risk hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease, as well as volunteers who participated in a study to validate a method of screening for occult renal disease. A total of 312 patients between 40 and 69 years of age, with no history of breast cancer, all of whom had undergone routine mammography in the last two years, were included. The mammograms were analyzed by researchers who were unaware of the risk factors for BAC in each case.

Results: The mean age was 55.9 ± 7.4 years, and 64.3% of the patients were white. The mean glomerular filtration rate was 41.87 ± 6.23 mL/min/1.73 m2. Seventy-one patients (22.8%) had BAC. We found that BAC was associated with advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and low glomerular filtration rate. In the multivariate analysis, advanced age and diabetes continued to be associated with BAC. The odds ratio for BAC was higher for all chronic diseases.

Conclusion: The association of BAC with advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and low glomerular filtration rate should call the attention of radiologists. Therefore, the presence of BAC should be reported, and patients with BAC should be screened for those diseases.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar calcificações arteriais mamárias (CAMs) detectadas em mamografia de rotina e analisar sua associação com doenças crônicas degenerativas.

Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal com mulheres atendidas em um ambulatório especializado para tratamento de hipertensão de alto risco, diabetes ou doença renal crônica, bem como as voluntárias que participaram de um estudo para validar um escore para triagem de doença renal crônica oculta. Trezentas e doze pacientes entre 40 e 69 anos de idade, sem histórico de câncer de mama, com mamografia realizada nos últimos dois anos foram incluídas. Os pesquisadores, que desconheciam os fatores de risco para CAMs, analisaram as mamografias de rotina.

Resultados: A média de idade foi 55,9 ± 7,4 anos, 64,3% brancas. A média da taxa de filtração glomerular foi 41,87 ± 6,23 mL/min/1,73 m2. Setenta e uma participantes (22,8%) apresentavam CAMs. Houve associação entre CAMs e idade, hipertensão, diabetes, doença renal crônica e taxa de filtração glomerular. Na análise multivariada, idade e diabetes persistiram associadas a CAMs. O odds ratio entre CAMs versus doenças crônicas foi elevado.

Conclusão: Houve associação entre CAMs com a idade, hipertensão, diabetes, doença renal crônica e taxa de filtração glomerular. Esta associação chama a atenção do radiologista/clínico, para que a presença dessas alterações deva ser relatada, e essas doenças devam ser triadas nestes pacientes.

Keywords: Breast/blood supply; Diabetes mellitus; Glomerular filtration rate; Hypertension; Mammography; Renal insufficiency, chronic.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Odds ratio for each chronic degenerative disease: AH, DM, CVD, and CKD.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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