Small Bowel Motility

Abstract

Purpose of review: Small bowel motility disorders constitute a relatively small but important segment of clinical gastroenterology. Presenting features encompass a broad range of symptom manifestations and severity: from chronic functional-type complaints to life-threatening nutritional impairment. Diagnostic assessment of patients with suspected intestinal motility disorders is often hampered by the complexity of measuring intestinal contractile activity in humans. In this review, we describe and critically comment the main current and forthcoming methodologies.

Recent findings: Beyond conventional small bowel manometry, radiological methods, and intestinal transit tests that have been available for several decades, now we focus on novel methodologies such as high-resolution manometry, magnetic resonance methodology, and endoluminal capsule image analysis. Gradual introduction of new approaches to diagnostic investigation of patients with suspected intestinal motility disorders should facilitate a less invasive and more accurate characterization of disturbed motor function. Enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological basis of clinical conditions should allow better application of therapeutic approaches that are also highlighted in this review.

Keywords: Endoluminal image analysis; Intestinal manometry; Intestinal motility; Magnetic resonance imaging; Small bowel.