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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 May 2;8(18):30563-30575.
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15699.

Red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhanwei Zhao  1 , Zifang Yin  2 , Qingchuan Zhao  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhanwei Zhao et al. Oncotarget. .

Abstract

The associations between red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk have remained inconclusive. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze these associations. We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify studies published from inception through October 2016. Subtype analyses of gastric cancer (gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma) and dose-response analyses were performed. We finally selected 42 eligible studies. The summary relative risks of highest versus lowest consumption were positive for case-control studies with 1.67 (1.36-2.05) for red meat and 1.76 (1.51-2.05) for processed meat, but negative for cohort studies with 1.14 (0.97-1.34) for red meat and 1.23 (0.98-1.55) for processed meat. Subtype analyses of cohort studies suggested null results for gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (red meat, P = 0.79; processed meat, P = 0.89) and gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma (red meat, P = 0.12; processed meat, P = 0.12). In conclusion, the present analysis suggested null results between red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk in cohort studies, although case-control studies yielded positive associations. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.

Keywords: diet; gastric cancer; meta-analysis; processed meat; red meat.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

There is no conflict of interest for each author.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flowchart of the process for the identification of relevant studies
Figure 2
Figure 2. Forest plots of cohort studies for red meat consumption (highest
vs lowest categories) and gastric cancer risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Forest plots of cohort studies for red meat consumption (highest vs lowest categories) and the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma
A. gastric cardia adenocarcinoma; B. gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Forest plots of cohort studies for processed meat consumption (highest
vs lowest categories) and gastric cancer risk.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Forest plots of cohort studies for processed meat consumption (highest
vs lowest categories) and the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma. A. gastric cardia adenocarcinoma; B. gastric non-cardiac adenocarcinoma.
Figure 6
Figure 6. A funnel plot evaluating publication bias of studies for processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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