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. 2017 Apr 26;19(4):e134.
doi: 10.2196/jmir.6747.

Web-Based Medical Appointment Systems: A Systematic Review

Peng Zhao  1 , Illhoi Yoo  1   2 , Jaie Lavoie  3 , Beau James Lavoie  4 , Eduardo Simoes  1   2
Affiliations

Web-Based Medical Appointment Systems: A Systematic Review

Peng Zhao et al. J Med Internet Res. .

Abstract

Background: Health care is changing with a new emphasis on patient-centeredness. Fundamental to this transformation is the increasing recognition of patients' role in health care delivery and design. Medical appointment scheduling, as the starting point of most non-urgent health care services, is undergoing major developments to support active involvement of patients. By using the Internet as a medium, patients are given more freedom in decision making about their preferences for the appointments and have improved access.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the benefits and barriers to implement Web-based medical scheduling discussed in the literature as well as the unmet needs under the current health care environment.

Methods: In February 2017, MEDLINE was searched through PubMed to identify articles relating to the impacts of Web-based appointment scheduling.

Results: A total of 36 articles discussing 21 Web-based appointment systems were selected for this review. Most of the practices have positive changes in some metrics after adopting Web-based scheduling, such as reduced no-show rate, decreased staff labor, decreased waiting time, and improved satisfaction, and so on. Cost, flexibility, safety, and integrity are major reasons discouraging providers from switching to Web-based scheduling. Patients' reluctance to adopt Web-based appointment scheduling is mainly influenced by their past experiences using computers and the Internet as well as their communication preferences.

Conclusions: Overall, the literature suggests a growing trend for the adoption of Web-based appointment systems. The findings of this review suggest that there are benefits to a variety of patient outcomes from Web-based scheduling interventions with the need for further studies.

Keywords: Internet; appointments and schedules; hospital information systems; no-show patients; patient-centered care; smartphone.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Logical relationships between the search keywords in the search builder of PubMed.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Trial flow diagram of identifying eligible articles.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Impacts after implementing the 21 Web-based scheduling systems.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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