Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2017 Mar 13;1(11):383-390.
doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.160024. eCollection 2016 Nov.

Non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy

Christopher J Pearce  1 , Audrey Tan  1
Affiliations
Review

Non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy

Christopher J Pearce et al. EFORT Open Rev. .

Abstract

Non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy is a degenerative condition characterised by pain on activity.Eccentric stretching is the most effective treatment.Surgical treatment is reserved for recalcitrant cases.Minimally-invasive and tendinoscopic treatments are showing promising results. Cite this article: Pearce CJ, Tan A. Non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:383-390. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.160024.

Keywords: Achilles tendinopathy; clincal presentation; non-insertional,aetiology; non-operative treatment; operative treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: CJP is a member of the editorial board of the journal Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, and has been a paid speaker for Smith & Nephew and DePuy Synthes. The above declarations have no connection or commercial link to this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Posteromedial swelling of the Achilles tendon due to tendinopathy.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Ultrasound scan showing ventral neovascularisation within the transverse section of the Achilles tendon on colour Doppler.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a) Starting position for eccentric exercise: ankle in neutral with slight knee flexion. b) Second position: ankle dorsiflexed with slight knee flexion. c) Finishing position: ankle dorsiflexed with extended knee.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Puddu G, Ippolito E, Postacchini F. A classification of Achilles tendon disease. Am J Sports Med 1976;4:145-150. - PubMed
    1. Alfredson H, Ohberg L, Forsgren S. Is vasculo-neural ingrowth the cause of pain in chronic Achilles tendinosis? An investigation using ultrasonography and colour Doppler, immunohistochemistry, and diagnostic injections. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2003;11:334-338. - PubMed
    1. Xu Y, Murrell GA. The basic science of tendinopathy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2008;466:1528-1538. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, Harcourt P, Astrom M. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med 1999;27:393-408. - PubMed
    1. Murrell GA. Understanding tendinopathies. Br J Sports Med 2002;36:392-393. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources