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Comparative Study
. 1988;11(2):71-84.
doi: 10.1016/0147-9571(88)90021-5.

Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus

G Castrucci  1 , F Frigeri, M Ferrari, V Cilli, G L Gualandi, V Aldrovandi
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus

G Castrucci et al. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1988.

Abstract
in English, French

This presentation summarizes the results of a comprehensive study on rotaviruses isolated in Italy from calves and rabbits affected by neonatal diarrhea. The results clearly indicated that rotavirus infection is widespread and supported the evidence for an etiologic role of these viruses in neonatal diarrhea. The evidence of differences in virulence among bovine rotaviruses appeared also to be confirmed. Conventionally reared calves were fully susceptible to the experimental infection induced by three rotaviruses originating from heterologous hosts, i.e. monkeys, pigs and rabbits, respectively. When rotavirus strains of bovine, simian, porcine and rabbit origin were compared by cross neutralization tests, it was found the simian and porcine strains were indistinguishable and both appeared to relate antigenically to the bovine strain. On the other hand, a reciprocal antigenic correlation was found between bovine and rabbit isolates. Finally, it was proven that feeding newborn calves with colostrum of their dams, previously vaccinated with an inactivated rotavirus vaccine, could prevent the neonatal diarrhea from occurring.

Cette présentation résume les résultats d'une étude d'ensemble sur des rotavirus isolés en Italie sur des veaux et lapins frappés de diarrhée néonatale.

Les résultats indiquaient clairement que l'infection par rotavirus est répandue, et corroboraient l'évidence d'un rôle étiologique de ces virus dans la diarrhée néonatale. L'existence des différences de virulence entre les divers rotavirus bovins apparaissait également confirmée.

Les veaux élevés de manière conventionnelle étaient pleinement réceptifs à l'infection expérimentale provoquée par trois rotavirus provenant d'hôtes hétérogènes—respectivement singe, porc et lapin.

Quand les souches de rotavirus provenant de bovin, singe, porc et lapin ont été comparées au moyen de tests de neutralisation croisés, il a été découvert que les souches simienne et porcine étaient indistinguables et qu'elles semblaient toutes deux s'apparenter antigéniquement à la souche bovine. D'autre part, une corrélation antigénique réciproque a été découverte entre les isolats de bovin et de lapin.

Enfin, il a été prouvé qu'en nourrissant les veaux nouveaux-nés avec le colostrum de leurs mères, préalablement vaccinées au moyen d'un vaccin de rotavirus inactivé, l'on pouvait éviter l'apparition de la diarrhée néonatale.

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References

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