The Safety of Hospital Beds: Ingress, Egress, and In-Bed Mobility

Abstract

To explore the safety of the standard and the low hospital bed, we report on a microanalysis of 15 patients' ability to ingress, move about the bed, and egress. The 15 participants were purposefully selected with various disabilities. Bed conditions were randomized with side rails up or down and one low bed with side rails down. We explored the patients' use of the side rails, bed height, ability to lift their legs onto the mattress, and ability to turn, egress, and walk back to the chair. The standard bed was too high for some participants, both for ingress and egress. Side rails were used by most participants when entering, turning in bed, and exiting. We recommend that side rails be reconsidered as a means to facilitate in-bed movement, ingress, and egress. Furthermore, single deck height settings for all patients are not optimal. Low beds as a safety measure must be re-evaluated.

Keywords: behaviors; gerontological; health care; long-term; nursing; observation; patient, falls / falling; risk; safety.

Figure 1.

Floor plan showing placement of cameras.

Figure 2.

Normal gait, ingress.

Figure 3.

Hip hitch, egress.

Figure 4.

Using side rail for ingress.

Figure 5.

Front first, ingress, uncontrolled.

Figure 6.

Participants sitting too high on the bed.

Figure 7.

Participant is too low in the bed.

Figure 8.

Participant is too high in the bed.

Figure 9.

Tall participant, low bed.