Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Dec;11(6):765-781.
doi: 10.1007/s11764-017-0614-3. Epub 2017 May 6.

Young adult cancer survivors and work: a systematic review

Dawn S Stone  1 , Patricia A Ganz  2 , Carol Pavlish  3 , Wendie A Robbins  4
Affiliations

Young adult cancer survivors and work: a systematic review

Dawn S Stone et al. J Cancer Surviv. 2017 Dec.

Abstract

Context: Sixty-three percent of cancer survivors continue to work, or return to work after treatment. Among this population, work ability and challenges encountered in the workplace by young adult cancer survivors have not been well established.

Purpose: The purposes of the study are to describe what is currently known about work-related issues for young adult cancer survivors diagnosed between ages 15 and 39, to identify gaps in the research literature, and to suggest interventions or improvements in work processes and occupational settings.

Methods: A narrative review of articles using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo was conducted without date limitations. Search phrases included young adult cancer survivors, long-term cancer survivors, young adults affected by cancer, further combined with key terms employment, work, and occupationally active. Inclusion criteria for publications were young adult cancer survivors initially diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 39, data about work or employment was presented, and articles written in English.

Results: Twenty-three publications met the inclusion criteria. Work-related issues included the potential for reduced work productivity from cancer-changed physical and cognitive functional ability that affected income, and resulted in distress. Coping style, support systems, and changing perspectives about work and life in general were also influential on career decisions among young adult cancer survivors.

Conclusions: More research is needed to study interventions to better manage health changes in young adult cancer survivors within the context of the workplace. Since financial hardship has been shown to be especially high among young cancer survivors, employment is essential to ensure payment of cancer-associated costs and continued medical care.

Implications for cancer survivors: While young adult cancer survivors may initially grapple with cancer-related physical and psychosocial changes that impact work productivity or influence choice of occupation, employment appears to enhance overall quality of life.

Keywords: Employment; Occupational health; Work; Young adult cancer survivors.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Funding

Dawn S. Stone, the first author, is a PhD candidate funded by a training grant from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Grant 5T42OH008412-09).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article is a systematic review of scholarly literature and did not require involvement of human participants.

Informed consent

This systematic review did not involve any contact with participants.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA (2009) flow diagram
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Relationships among themes
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. National Cancer Institute. A snapshot of adolescent and young adult cancers. 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.cancer.gov/research/progress/snapshots/adolescent-young-adult.
    1. Miller KD, Siegel RL, Lin CC, Mariotto AB, Kramer JL, Rowland JH, et al. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(4):271–289. doi: 10.3322/caac.21349. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Clarke TC, Solerovila H, Lee DJ, Arheart KL, Ocasio MA, LeBlanc WG, et al. Working with cancer: health and disability disparities among employed cancer survivors in the United States. Prev Med. 2011;53:331–334. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.07.022. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Torp S, Nielsen RA, Gudbergsson SB, Fossa SD, Dahl AA. Sick leave patterns among 5-year cancer survivors: a registry-based retrospective cohort study. J Cancer Surviv. 2012;6:315–323. doi: 10.1007/s11764-012-0228-8. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zebrack BJ. Psychological, social and behavioral issues for young adults with cancer. Cancer. 2011;117(10):2289–2294. doi: 10.1002/cncr.26056. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types