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. 2017 Jun 27;61(7):e00488-17.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.00488-17. Print 2017 Jul.

Comparative Analysis of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase CTX-M-65-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis Isolates from Humans, Food Animals, and Retail Chickens in the United States

Heather Tate  1 , Jason P Folster  2 , Chih-Hao Hsu  3 , Jessica Chen  2   4 , Maria Hoffmann  5 , Cong Li  3 , Cesar Morales  6 , Gregory H Tyson  3 , Sampa Mukherjee  3 , Allison C Brown  2 , Alice Green  6 , Wanda Wilson  6 , Uday Dessai  6 , Jason Abbott  3 , Lavin Joseph  2 , Jovita Haro  6 , Sherry Ayers  3 , Patrick F McDermott  3 , Shaohua Zhao  3
Affiliations

Comparative Analysis of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase CTX-M-65-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis Isolates from Humans, Food Animals, and Retail Chickens in the United States

Heather Tate et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. .

Abstract

We sequenced the genomes of 10 Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolates containing blaCTX-M-65 obtained from chicken, cattle, and human sources collected between 2012 and 2015 in the United States through routine National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) surveillance and product sampling programs. We also completely assembled the plasmids from four of the isolates. All isolates had a D87Y mutation in the gyrA gene and harbored between 7 and 10 resistance genes [aph(4)-Ia, aac(3)-IVa, aph(3')-Ic, blaCTX-M-65, fosA3, floR, dfrA14, sul1, tetA, aadA1] located in two distinct sites of a megaplasmid (∼316 to 323 kb) similar to that described in a blaCTX-M-65-positive S Infantis isolate from a patient in Italy. High-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (hqSNP) analysis revealed that all U.S. isolates were closely related, separated by only 1 to 38 pairwise high-quality SNPs, indicating a high likelihood that strains from humans, chickens, and cattle recently evolved from a common ancestor. The U.S. isolates were genetically similar to the blaCTX-M-65-positive S Infantis isolate from Italy, with a separation of 34 to 47 SNPs. This is the first report of the blaCTX-M-65 gene and the pESI (plasmid for emerging S Infantis)-like megaplasmid from S Infantis in the United States, and it illustrates the importance of applying a global One Health human and animal perspective to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: Salmonella; antibiotic resistance; foodborne pathogens; multidrug resistance; β-lactamases.

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Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Comparisons of plasmids in CTX-M-65 strains. Graphic comparison of plasmid pESI in the Italian strain harboring blaCTX-M-65 (strain 14026835) compared to U.S. isolates. Genetic elements and their orientations are shown in the two integration sites. Colors indicate the source of the plasmid, and resistance genes are highlighted in red. *, chicken ceca and raw comminuted chicken had identical plasmids.
FIG 2
FIG 2
hqSNP tree of S. Infantis strains. Shown is a maximum likelihood hqSNP phylogenetic tree examining relatedness of U.S. isolates and Italian strains (blaCTX-M-65 positive, 14026835; blaCTX-M-1 positive, 14035093). blaCTX-M-65-positive isolate labels are color coded by source. The outgroup consists of isolates that do not have PFGE pattern JFXX01.0787 and do not contain blaCTX-M-65. The geographic location and year of isolation are shown. Bootstrap values of >80, hqSNP differences, and isolate source information are displayed using the R package ggtree (32).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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