Relationship between Resting Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure in Adolescents
- PMID: 28492739
- PMCID: PMC5444886
- DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170050
Relationship between Resting Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure in Adolescents
Abstract
Background:: High resting heart rate is considered an important factor for increasing mortality chance in adults. However, it remains unclear whether the observed associations would remain after adjustment for confounders in adolescents.
Objectives:: To analyze the relationship between resting heart rate, blood pressure and pulse pressure in adolescents of both sexes.
Methods:: A cross-sectional study with 1231 adolescents (716 girls and 515 boys) aged 14-17 years. Heart rate, blood pressure and pulse pressure were evaluated using an oscillometric blood pressure device, validated for this population. Weight and height were measured with an electronic scale and a stadiometer, respectively, and waist circumference with a non-elastic tape. Multivariate analysis using linear regression investigated the relationship between resting heart rate and blood pressure and pulse pressure in boys and girls, controlling for general and abdominal obesity.
Results:: Higher resting heart rate values were observed in girls (80.1 ± 11.0 beats/min) compared to boys (75.9 ± 12.7 beats/min) (p ≤ 0.001). Resting heart rate was associated with systolic blood pressure in boys (Beta = 0.15 [0.04; 0.26]) and girls (Beta = 0.24 [0.16; 0.33]), with diastolic blood pressure in boys (Beta = 0.50 [0.37; 0.64]) and girls (Beta = 0.41 [0.30; 0.53]), and with pulse pressure in boys (Beta = -0.16 [-0.27; -0.04]).
Conclusions:: This study demonstrated a relationship between elevated resting heart rate and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes and pulse pressure in boys even after controlling for potential confounders, such as general and abdominal obesity.
Fundamento:: A frequência cardíaca de repouso é considerada um importante fator de aumento de mortalidade em adultos. Entretanto, ainda é incerto se as associações observadas permanecem após ajuste para fatores de confusão em adolescentes.
Objetivos:: Analisar a relação entre frequência cardíaca de repouso, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso em adolescentes dos dois sexos.
Métodos:: Estudo transversal com 1231 adolescentes (716 meninas e 515 meninos, idade de 14-17 anos). Frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso foram avaliadas com esfigmomanômetro oscilométrico validado para essa população. Peso e altura foram medidos com balança eletrônica e estadiômetro, respectivamente, e a circunferência abdominal, com uma fita inextensível. Análise multivariada com regressão linear investigou a relação entre frequência cardíaca de repouso, pressão arterial e pressão de pulso em meninos e meninas, controlando para obesidade geral e abdominal.
Resultados:: Valores maiores de frequência cardíaca de repouso foram observados em meninas (80,1 ± 11,0 bpm) em comparação a meninos (75,9 ± 12,7 bpm) (p ≤ 0,001). Frequência cardíaca de repouso associou-se com pressão arterial sistólica em meninos [Beta = 0,15 (0,04; 0,26)] e meninas [Beta = 0,24 (0,16; 0,33)], com pressão arterial diastólica em meninos [Beta = 0,50 (0,37; 0,64)] e meninas [Beta = 0,41 (0,30; 0,53)], e com pressão de pulso apenas em meninos [Beta = -0,16 (-0,27; -0,04)].
Conclusões:: Este estudo demonstrou a relação da frequência cardíaca de repouso elevada com aumento das pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica em ambos os sexos e com pressão de pulso em meninos, mesmo após controle para potenciais fatores de confusão, como obesidade geral e abdominal.
Conflict of interest statement
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
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