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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2017 Jun 1;135(6):657-661.
doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.1076.

Association of Dietary Vitamin K1 Intake With the Incidence of Cataract Surgery in an Adult Mediterranean Population: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

María L Camacho-Barcia  1 , Mònica Bulló  2 , Jesús F Garcia-Gavilán  1 , Miguel Ruiz-Canela  3 , Dolores Corella  4 , Ramón Estruch  5 , Montserrat Fitó  6 , Alfredo García-Layana  7 , Fernando Arós  8 , Miquel Fiol  9 , José Lapetra  10 , Lluis Serra-Majem  11 , Xavier Pintó  12 , Ana García-Arellano  13 , Ernest Vinyoles  6 , José Vicente Sorli  4 , Jordi Salas-Salvadó  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Association of Dietary Vitamin K1 Intake With the Incidence of Cataract Surgery in an Adult Mediterranean Population: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

María L Camacho-Barcia et al. JAMA Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Importance: Cataract, one of the most frequent causes of blindness in developed countries, is strongly associated with aging. The exact mechanisms underlying cataract formation are still unclear, but growing evidence suggests a potential role of inflammatory and oxidative processes. Therefore, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors of the diet, such as vitamin K1, could play a protective role.

Objective: To examine the association between dietary vitamin K1 intake and the risk of incident cataracts in an elderly Mediterranean population.

Design, setting, and participants: A prospective analysis was conducted in 5860 participants from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea Study, a randomized clinical trial executed between 2003 and 2011. Participants were community-dwelling men (44.2%) and women (55.8%), and the mean (SD) age was 66.3 (6.1) years.

Main outcomes and measures: Dietary vitamin K1 intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The time to the cataract event was calculated as the time between recruitment and the date of the occurrence to cataract surgery, the time to the last visit of the follow-up, date of death, or the end of the study. Hazard ratios and 95% CIs for cataract incidence were estimated with a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.

Results: Participants were community-dwelling men (44.2%; n = 868) and women (55.8%; n = 1086), and the mean (SD) age was 66.3 (6.1) years. After a median of 5.6 years follow-up, we documented a total of 768 new cataracts. Participants in the highest tertile of dietary vitamin K1 intake had a lower risk of cataracts than those in the lowest tertile (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58-0.88; P = .002), after adjusting for potential confounders.

Conclusions and relevance: High intake of dietary vitamin K1 was associated with a reduced risk of cataracts in an elderly Mediterranean population even after adjusting by other potential confounders.

Trial registration: isrctn.org: ISRCTN35739639.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Salas-Salvadó reports personal fees from Nuts for Life and from Nut and Dried Fruit Foundation, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Danone SA, personal fees from Font Vella Lanjaron, personal fees from Eroski Distributors, and personal fees from Instituto Danone outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Figures

Figure.
Figure.. Nelson-Aalen Estimates of Incidence of Cataracts by Tertiles of Vitamin K1 Intake
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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