Hepatitis B and C

doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.007

Review

. 2017 Jun;64(3):641-658.

doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.007.

Hepatitis B and C

Wikrom Karnsakul¹, Kathleen B Schwarz²

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, CMSC 2-117, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: wkarnsa1@jhmi.edu.
² Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, CMSC 2-116, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

PMID: 28502443
PMCID: PMC5433262
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.007

Review

Hepatitis B and C

Wikrom Karnsakul et al. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Jun.

. 2017 Jun;64(3):641-658.

doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.007.

Authors

Wikrom Karnsakul¹, Kathleen B Schwarz²

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, CMSC 2-117, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: wkarnsa1@jhmi.edu.
² Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, CMSC 2-116, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

PMID: 28502443
PMCID: PMC5433262
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.007

Abstract

Chronic viral hepatitis is a global health threat and financial burden. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are the most common causes of chronic viral hepatitis in the United States. Most cases are asymptomatic before adulthood. Research has resulted in effective therapy for HCV and the promise of effective therapies for HBV. For HCV, therapy is pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Clinical trials with effective direct-acting antiviral agents are underway in pediatrics. For HBV, approved agents are alpha-interferon, lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, and entecavir. However, treatment seldom results in functional cure and more effective therapies are urgently needed.

Keywords: Direct-acting antiviral agents; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Pegylated interferon; Spontaneous viral clearance; Sustained virologic response.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Recommended Approach to Monitoring and/or Managing Children with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection indicated as having HCV infection for greater than 6 months

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Palumbo E. Hepatitis B genotypes and response to antiviral therapy: a review. Am J Ther. 2007;14:306–9. - PubMed
1. Chan HL, Hui AY, Wong ML, Tse AM, Hung LC, Wong VW, Sung JJ. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut. 2004;53:1494–8. - PMC - PubMed
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1. Willner IR, Uhl MD, Howard SC, et al. Serious hepatitis A: an analysis of patients hospitalized during an urban epidemic in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:111–14. - PubMed

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[1] Palumbo E. Hepatitis B genotypes and response to antiviral therapy: a review. Am J Ther. 2007;14:306–9. - PubMed

[2] Palumbo E. Hepatitis B genotypes and response to antiviral therapy: a review. Am J Ther. 2007;14:306–9. - PubMed

[3] Chan HL, Hui AY, Wong ML, Tse AM, Hung LC, Wong VW, Sung JJ. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut. 2004;53:1494–8. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Chan HL, Hui AY, Wong ML, Tse AM, Hung LC, Wong VW, Sung JJ. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut. 2004;53:1494–8. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Euler GL, Wooten KG, Baughman AL, Williams WW. Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among pregnant women in urban areas: implications for testing, reporting, and preventing perinatal transmission. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1192–7. - PubMed

[6] Euler GL, Wooten KG, Baughman AL, Williams WW. Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among pregnant women in urban areas: implications for testing, reporting, and preventing perinatal transmission. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1192–7. - PubMed

[7] Xu DZ, Yan YP, Choi BC, et al. Risk factors and mechanism of transplacental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case-control study. J Med Virol. 2002;67:20–618. - PubMed

[8] Xu DZ, Yan YP, Choi BC, et al. Risk factors and mechanism of transplacental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case-control study. J Med Virol. 2002;67:20–618. - PubMed

[9] Willner IR, Uhl MD, Howard SC, et al. Serious hepatitis A: an analysis of patients hospitalized during an urban epidemic in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:111–14. - PubMed

[10] Willner IR, Uhl MD, Howard SC, et al. Serious hepatitis A: an analysis of patients hospitalized during an urban epidemic in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:111–14. - PubMed

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Hepatitis B and C

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Hepatitis B and C

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