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Review
. 2017 Jan-Jun;11(21):1-7.
doi: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_45_16.

Review of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitory Assay: Rapid Method in Drug Discovery of Herbal Plants

Islamudin Ahmad  1   2 , Arry Yanuar  2 , Kamarza Mulia  3 , Abdul Mun'im  2
Affiliations
Review

Review of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitory Assay: Rapid Method in Drug Discovery of Herbal Plants

Islamudin Ahmad et al. Pharmacogn Rev. 2017 Jan-Jun.

Abstract

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a signaling pathway which responsible in the blood pressure regulation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is one of the key elements responsible for the hypertensive mechanism. It converts angiotensin-I to angiotensin-II. The discovery history of the ACE inhibitory activity assay method has been through a long stage for decades and development continues until today. The ACE inhibitory activity has become an effective screening method in the search for new antihypertensive agents from herbal plants. Some of in vitro assay methods were used to examine the activity of ACE inhibitors based on the substrate usage, such as; Cushman and Cheung Method using a substrate hippuryl-histidyl-leucine (HHL), Holmquist method using a substrate furanacryloyl-tripeptide, Elbl and Wagner method using a substrate benzoil-[l-14C] glicyl-L-histidine-L-leucine, Carmel and Yaron method using a substrate o-aminobenzoylglycyl-p-nitrophenylalanilproline, and Lam method using 3-hydroxybutyrylglycyl-glycyl-glycine as substrate. Several different methods to measure the results of enzymatic reactions or separating substrate with products, including spectrophotometric, fluorometric, high-performance liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, and radiochemistry. Application of the test method for screening the ACE inhibitors activity and investigation of active compounds from natural products can be done easily with this method, it is very helpful in research because the results obtained are simple, accurate, and rapid.

Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity; Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; angiotensin-converting enzyme; herbal plants; in vitro assay method.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scheme of angiotensin II formation by angiotensin-converting enzyme
Figure 2
Figure 2
HHL hydrolysis by angiotensin-converting enzyme
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dansyltriglycyne hydrolysis by angiotensin-converting enzyme
Figure 4
Figure 4
The principle of the assay method of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors activity using angiotensin-converting enzyme kit-Water-Soluble Tetrazolium Salt 1
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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