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. 2017 Jun;23(6):1048-1051.
doi: 10.3201/eid2306.162056.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4 Infection in Migratory Birds, Egypt

Abdullah A Selim, Ahmed M Erfan, Naglaa Hagag, Ali Zanaty, Abdel-Hafez Samir, Mohamed Samy, Ahmed Abdelhalim, Abdel-Satar A Arafa, Mohamed A Soliman, Momtaz Shaheen, Essam M Ibraheem, Ibrahim Mahrous, Mohamed K Hassan, Mahmoud M Naguib

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4 Infection in Migratory Birds, Egypt

Abdullah A Selim et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Jun.

Abstract

We isolated highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8) of clade 2.3.4.4 from the common coot (Fulica atra) in Egypt, documenting its introduction into Africa through migratory birds. This virus has a close genetic relationship with subtype H5N8 viruses circulating in Europe. Enhanced surveillance to detect newly emerging viruses is warranted.

Keywords: Africa; Egypt; clade 2.3.4.4; highly pathogenic avian influenza; influenza; migratory birds; subtype H5N8; viruses; zoonoses.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Structural and phylogenetic modeling of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8), EG-CA285, from migratory birds, Egypt, 2016. A) Three-dimensional structural homology model for the hemagglutinin protein of EG-CA285 created by using the ancestral virus of clade 2.3.4.4b (A/duck/Zhejiang/6D18/2013 [H5N8]) as a template. Amino acids distinguishing the EG-CA285 sequence from the modeling template are shown in red; green depicts unique mutations distinguishing this virus from the virus detected in summer 2016 in Russia, A/great crested grebe/Uvs-Nuur-Lake/341/2016. B) Phylogenetic tree of the nucleotide sequences of avian influenza virus hemagglutinin genes. Maximum-likelihood calculations were done with IQ-TREE software (http://iqtree.cibiv.univie.ac.at/) under the best-fit model according to the Akaike criterion (general time reversible plus gamma plus G4 model). Red indicates strains from Egypt; green shading indicates strains currently circulating in Europe. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.
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