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. 2017 May 23;7(1):2306.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01935-6.

Monocrotophos pesticide affects synthesis and conversion of sex steroids through multiple targets in male goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Hua Tian  1 , Yang Sun  1 , Hui Wang  1 , Xin Bing  1 , Wei Wang  1 , Shaoguo Ru  2
Affiliations

Monocrotophos pesticide affects synthesis and conversion of sex steroids through multiple targets in male goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Hua Tian et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Monocrotophos (MCP) is an organophosphorus pesticide that is median-toxic to fish. MCP pesticide resulted in an increase of 17 beta estradiol following a decrease in testosterone in male goldfish (Carassius auratus). To fully understand the mechanism of MCP pesticide that causes the imbalance between male and female hormones, we determined the levels of plasma cholesterol, spermatic steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA, steroidogenesis enzyme mRNA, plasma sex hormone synthesis intermediates, and effectual hormones in male goldfish exposed to MCP pesticide at nominal concentrations of 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 mg/L for 21 days in a semi-static exposure system. The results indicated that MCP pesticide (a) led to decreased steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA levels; (b) decreased mRNA levels of cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme and cytochrome P450 17 alpha hydroxylase, which are steroidogenesis enzymes involved in androgen synthesis; and (c) increased cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA levels, a steroidogenesis enzyme involved in the synthesis of effectual estrogen. The present study provides evidence that MCP pesticide affects synthesis and conversion of sex steroids through multiple targets in male goldfish.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effects of MCP pesticide on GSI of male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of MCP pesticide on total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C content in plasma of male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of MCP pesticide on testicular transcriptional levels of StAR and steroidogenesis enzymes in male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effects of MCP pesticide on plasma content of intermediate hormones in male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effects of MCP pesticide on plasma content of effectual hormones in male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Outline of effects of MCP pesticide on steroidogenesis in male goldfish (Carassius auratus).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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