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Review
. 2017 Feb 28:22:4.
doi: 10.1186/s11658-017-0035-3. eCollection 2017.

The regulatory mechanisms of NG2/CSPG4 expression

Emmanuel Ampofo  1 , Beate M Schmitt  1 , Michael D Menger  1 , Matthias W Laschke  1
Affiliations
Review

The regulatory mechanisms of NG2/CSPG4 expression

Emmanuel Ampofo et al. Cell Mol Biol Lett. .

Abstract

Neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), also known as chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), is a surface type I transmembrane core proteoglycan that is crucially involved in cell survival, migration and angiogenesis. NG2 is frequently used as a marker for the identification and characterization of certain cell types, but little is known about the mechanisms regulating its expression. In this review, we provide evidence that the regulation of NG2 expression underlies inflammation and hypoxia and is mediated by methyltransferases, transcription factors, including Sp1, paired box (Pax) 3 and Egr-1, and the microRNA miR129-2. These regulatory factors crucially determine NG2-mediated cellular processes such as glial scar formation in the central nervous system (CNS) or tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, they are potential targets for the establishment of novel NG2-based therapeutic strategies in the treatment of CNS injuries, cancer and other conditions of these types.

Keywords: CSPG4; Hypoxia; Inflammation; Methylation; MiRNA; NG2; Transcription.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Known regulatory factors of NG2 (CSPG4) expression. NG2 expression underlies inflammatory cytokines and hypoxic stress and is mediated by methyltransferases, transcription factors such as Sp1, Egr1 and Pax3, and miR129-2
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