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. 2016 Nov-Dec;6(6):335-340.
doi: 10.4103/amhsr.amhsr_457_15.

Relationship between Sonographic Placental Thickness and Gestational Age in Normal Singleton Fetuses in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria

K K Agwuna  1 , C U Eze  2 , P O Ukoha  3 , U A Umeh  4
Affiliations

Relationship between Sonographic Placental Thickness and Gestational Age in Normal Singleton Fetuses in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria

K K Agwuna et al. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2016 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Background: The accuracy of common ultrasound parameters for the estimation of gestational age (GA) decreases as pregnancy advances in age. Hence, there is need to explore other parameters that may complement the established fetal biometric parameters in predicting GA in late pregnancy.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the sonographic placental thickness (PT) and GA in the second and third trimesters.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study of 627 normal pregnant women with GA between 14 and 40 weeks was conducted at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu from May 2013 to February 2014 by sonography. Anteroposterior diameter of the placenta was measured at the level of the umbilical cord insertion. The last menstrual period of the women, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference of the fetus were measured for GA estimation. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and independent sample t-test were used in statistical analysis.

Results: Mean PT was 23.2 (2.8) mm in the second trimester and 36.1 (3.6) mm in the third trimester. There was a significant difference between the values in the present study and values from similar studies in other populations (P < 0.04). There was a strong relationship between GA and PT and the following mathematical relationships for the second and third trimesters were obtained in the GA = 0.982 (PT) + 3.614 and GA = 0.977 (PT) + 3.354, respectively.

Conclusion: Population-specific charts for PT may be used to estimate GA in the second and third trimesters.

Keywords: Gestational age; Placental thickness; Second and third trimesters; Sonography.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A sonogram showing the placenta and the landmarks for the measurement of its thickness
Figure 2
Figure 2
The relationship between placental thickness and gestational age in the second trimester
Figure 3
Figure 3
The relationship between placental thickness and gestational age in the third trimester
Figure 4
Figure 4
The relationship between placental thickness and gestational age in the combined trimester
Figure 5
Figure 5
A histogram showing the relationship between the observed and predicted values in the combined trimester
Figure 6
Figure 6
A P-P plot showing the relationship between the observed and expected values in the combined trimester
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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