Aflibercept in age-related macular degeneration: evaluating its role as a primary therapeutic option

Abstract

The recent VIEW studies have demonstrated the non-inferiority of monthly and bi-monthly aflibercept in the management of wet age related macular degeneration (AMD) compared with ranibizumab. However, the current data are limited mainly to fixed dosing regimens with few studies looking at flexible dosing regimens of aflibercept in wet AMD. In addition, recent data from the VIEW 96 week extension has shown that patients being shifted from fixed dosing regimens to PRN have shown a drop in visual acuity and increase in central macular thickness. This is an indication that fixed dosing, a non-sustainable option, is only effective as long as it is continued. Regimens such as treat and extend (TAE) and pro-re nata (PRN) have been studied extensively in ranibizumab and bevacizumab and have shown to be effective options. With the presence of effective, established and less costly drugs such as ranibizumab and bevacizumab, the role of aflibercept as a primary treatment modality has yet to be clearly defined. The current review provides an analysis of the VIEW studies, as well as the extension phases. It also looks at post hoc analysis of predictors of response and outcomes. We have also conducted a search on studies comparing between PRN regimens using aflibercept and other anti-VEGF agents. This review also explores cheaper off label aflibercept; ziv-aflibercept in the treatment of wet AMD. The main purpose of the review is to delineate the role of aflibercept as a primary therapeutic option and if there are any significant advantages that would advocate its use over alternative anti-VEGF drugs. Finally, we propose a treatment algorithm for patients being started on aflibercept during the first year and thereafter.