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. 2017 Sep;87(5):672-680.
doi: 10.2319/102716-774.1. Epub 2017 May 29.

Peridental bone changes after orthodontic tooth movement with fixed appliances: A cone-beam computed tomographic study

Fabian Jäger, James K Mah, Axel Bumann

Peridental bone changes after orthodontic tooth movement with fixed appliances: A cone-beam computed tomographic study

Fabian Jäger et al. Angle Orthod. 2017 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To quantify treatment-related changes in peridental bone height and thickness in orthodontic patients.

Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomographs (CBCTs) of 43 patients (24 female, 19 male; mean age: 25 years, 5 months) who underwent orthodontic treatment with multibracket appliances for at least 1 year were chosen for retrospective evaluation. Dehiscence depth and changes in bone width and tooth inclination were determined for 954 teeth.

Results: There was a significant decrease in peridental bone height (dehiscence; -0.82 ± 1.47 mm) and bone thickness (-0.56 ± 0.7 and -0.69 ± 0.9 mm at 5 mm and 10 mm apical to the CEJ, respectively) during treatment (P < .001). A significantly greater dehiscence depth with increased vertical bone loss occurred in patients older than 30 years. In patients <30 years old, approximately 20% of the teeth showed defect depths >2 mm before treatment. In 90% of these patients, at least one tooth was affected. The maxillary canines and all mandibular teeth showed a higher risk for vestibular bone loss. Treatment changes in tooth inclination were correlated with horizontal bone loss.

Conclusions: Based on these results, it seems reasonable to recommend that peridental bone in orthodontic patients older than 30 be evaluated on a routine basis due to the risk of increased vertical bone loss. Ninety percent of patients younger than 30 showed reduced bone height (dehiscence) of the periodontium of at least one tooth.

Keywords: Cone-beam computed tomography; Multibracket; Peridental bone.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Example measurement of dehiscence depth of tooth 25.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Example measurement of bone thickness at 5 and 10 mm apical to the CEJ of tooth 25 on the vestibular and lingual aspects.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Example measurement of the vestibulo-oral inclination of tooth 25.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Frequency distribution of the amount of treatment-related vertical bone loss (dehiscence) on the vestibular (buccal) tooth aspect.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Frequency distribution of the amount of treatment-related vertical bone loss (dehiscence) on the lingual aspect.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Age-specific prevalence of vestibular dehiscences exceeding 2 mm before (T0) and after (T1) orthodontic treatment.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Age-specific prevalence of lingual dehiscences exceeding 2 mm before (T0) and after (T1) orthodontic treatment.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Comparison of treatment-related vestibular vertical bone loss (dehiscence) in mm by tooth type.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Mean treatment-related vestibular vertical bone loss (dehiscence) for each tooth for the three age groups in mm.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Mean treatment-related lingual vertical bone loss (dehiscence) for each tooth in the three age groups in mm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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