Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Jul;24(20):17136-17144.
doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9315-8. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Association of atmospheric concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with their urinary metabolites in children and adolescents

Parinaz Poursafa  1 , Mohammad Mehdi Amin  2 , Yaghoub Hajizadeh  3 , Marjan Mansourian  4 , Hamidreza Pourzamani  3 , Karim Ebrahim  3 , Babak Sadeghian  5 , Roya Kelishadi  6
Affiliations

Association of atmospheric concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with their urinary metabolites in children and adolescents

Parinaz Poursafa et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jul.

Abstract

This study aims to determine the atmospheric concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their association with their urinary metabolites in children and adolescents. This study was conducted from October 2014 to March 2016 in Isfahan, Iran. We measured 16 species of PAHs bounded to PM2.5 by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) from 7 parts of the city. Moreover, PAH urinary metabolites were measured in 186 children and adolescents, randomly selected from households. Urinary metabolites consisted of 1-hydroxy naphthalene (1-naphthol), 2-hydroxy naphthalene (2-naphthol), 9-hydroxy phenanthrene (9-phenanthrol), and 1-hydroxy pyrene using GC/MS. Considering the short half-lives of PAHs, we measured the metabolites twice with 4 to 6 months of time interval. We found that the ambient concentrations of PAHs were significantly associated with their urinary metabolites. 1-hydroxy naphthalene and 2-hydroxy naphthalene concentrations showed an increase of 1.049 (95% CI: 1.030, 1.069) and 1.047 (95% CI: 1.025, 1.066) for each unit increase (1 ng/m3) in ambient naphthalene. Similarly, 1-hydroxy pyrene showed an increase of 1.009 (95% CI: 1.006-1.011) for each unit increase (1 ng/m3) in ambient pyrene concentration after adjustment for body mass index, physical activity level, urinary creatinine, age, and sex. The association of urinary 9-hydroxyphenanthrene and ambient phenantherene was significant in the crude model; however after adjustment for the abovementioned covariates, it was no more significant. We found significant correlations between exposure to ambient PM2.5-bounded PAHs and their urinary excretion. Considering the adverse health effects of PAHs in the pediatric age group, biomonitoring of PAHs should be underscored; preventive measures need to be intensified.

Keywords: Atmosphere; Children and adolescents; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Urinary metabolites.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Environ Res. 2015 Feb;137:170-5 - PubMed
    1. BMC Health Serv Res. 2002 Mar 26;2(1):8 - PubMed
    1. Environ Health Perspect. 2014 Mar;122(3):299-303 - PubMed
    1. J Environ Monit. 2010 May;12 (5):1110-18 - PubMed
    1. Adv Clin Chem. 2015 ;72 :277-304 - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources