Assessment and Management of Toxidromes in the Critical Care Unit

Abstract

The most important diagnostic factor in uncovering a toxic etiology for delirium or critical illness is the clinician's openness to the possibility of its existence. Therefore, a consulting psychiatrist, already prepared to perform the detail-oriented work of sorting out behavioral manifestations of disease, can be a vital asset at the bedside if also attuned to the role of purposeful, accidental, and iatrogenic exposures in the intensive care unit. This article summarizes the presentation, evaluation, and treatment of toxidromes relevant to the work of acute psychosomatic medicine.

Keywords: Antidote; Delirium; Flumazenil; Naloxone; Physostigmine; Psychosomatic; Toxidrome.