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Review
. 2018 Jan;50(1):81-89.
doi: 10.1007/s11255-017-1614-y. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Water, electrolyte, acid-base, and trace elements alterations in cirrhotic patients

Carlos G Musso  1 , Rossina Juarez  2 , Richard J Glassock  3
Affiliations
Review

Water, electrolyte, acid-base, and trace elements alterations in cirrhotic patients

Carlos G Musso et al. Int Urol Nephrol. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Chronic hepatic patients, and particularly those suffering from cirrhosis, are predisposed to different sort of water, electrolyte, acid-base, and trace elements disorders due to their altered liver function, and also to their exposition to infectious, inflammatory, oncologic, and pharmacologic variables whose combination undermines their homeostatic capability. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis, respiratory, and metabolic alkalosis are the main internal milieu alterations in this group.

Keywords: Acid–base; Cirrhosis; Electrolytes; Internal milieu; Trace elements.

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