Commencement of cardioselective beta-blockers during hospitalisation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and co-morbid cardiovascular disease, emerging evidence suggests a benefit in commencing cardioselective beta-blockers.

Aim: Our objective was to determine the safety of beta-blocker commencement during hospitalisation for acute exacerbation of COPD.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 1071 patients hospitalised for acute exacerbation of COPD was conducted across two tertiary hospitals over a 12-month period. We identified 36 patients in whom beta-blocker therapy was commenced during admission. The primary outcome of the study was to assess cardiovascular and respiratory adverse events related to the commencement of beta-blocker therapy.

Results: The most common indications for beta-blockers were atrial fibrillation (53%) and acute coronary syndrome (36%). Metoprolol was the most commonly prescribed beta-blocker (75%). No patients suffered clinically significant declines of respiratory function following the commencement of a beta-blocker, including worsening respiratory symptoms, oxygen, bronchodilator or ventilation requirements. These results were demonstrable in patients with reversible airways disease and advanced COPD. Only one patient (2.8%) experienced symptomatic hypotension after 48 h of therapy.

Conclusion: The commencement of cardioselective beta-blockers during acute exacerbations of COPD appears to be well-tolerated.

Keywords: acute exacerbation of COPD; beta-blocker; cardiovascular disease; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; safety.