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Observational Study
. 2017 Aug 1;102(8):2798-2806.
doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-00090.

Nonandrogenic Anabolic Hormones Predict Risk of Frailty: European Male Ageing Study Prospective Data

Agnieszka Swiecicka  1 , Mark Lunt  2 , Tomás Ahern  1 , Terence W O'Neill  2   3 , György Bartfai  4 , Felipe F Casanueva  5 , Gianni Forti  6 , Aleksander Giwercman  7 , Thang S Han  8 , Michael E J Lean  9 , Neil Pendleton  10 , Margus Punab  11 , Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer  12 , Dirk Vanderschueren  13 , Ilpo T Huhtaniemi  14   15 , Frederick C W Wu  1 , Martin K Rutter  1   16 ; EMAS Study Group
Affiliations
Observational Study

Nonandrogenic Anabolic Hormones Predict Risk of Frailty: European Male Ageing Study Prospective Data

Agnieszka Swiecicka et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. .

Abstract

Context: Low levels of nonandrogenic anabolic hormones have been linked with frailty, but evidence is conflicting and prospective data are largely lacking.

Objective: To determine associations between nonandrogenic anabolic hormones and prospective changes in frailty status.

Design/setting: A 4.3-year prospective observational study of community-dwelling men participating in the European Male Ageing Study.

Participants: Men (n = 3369) aged 40 to 79 years from eight European centers.

Main outcome measures: Frailty status was determined using frailty phenotype (FP; n = 2114) and frailty index (FI; n = 2444).

Analysis: Regression models assessed relationships between baseline levels of insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF-1), its binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and parathyroid hormone (PTH), with changes in frailty status (worsening or improving frailty).

Results: The risk of worsening FP and FI decreased with 1 standard deviation higher IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and 25OHD in models adjusted for age, body mass index, center, and baseline frailty [IGF-1: odds ratio (OR) for worsening FP, 0.82 (0.73, 0.93), percentage change in FI, -3.7% (-6.0, -1.5); IGFBP-3: 0.84 (0.75, 0.95), -4.2% (-6.4, -2.0); 25OHD: 0.84 (0.75, 0.95); -4.4%, (-6.7, -2.0)]. Relationships between IGF-1 and FI were attenuated after adjusting for IGFBP-3. Higher DHEA-S was associated with a lower risk of worsening FP only in men >70 years old [OR, 0.57 (0.35, 0.92)]. PTH was unrelated to change in frailty status.

Conclusions: These longitudinal data confirm the associations between nonandrogenic anabolic hormones and the changes in frailty status. Interventional studies are needed to establish causality and determine therapeutic implications.

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