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. 2017 Jun 14;9(6):606.
doi: 10.3390/nu9060606.

Lifestyle Patterns and Weight Status in Spanish Adults: The ANIBES Study

Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo  1 , Marta Gianzo-Citores  2 , Ángel Gil  3   4 , Marcela González-Gross  5   6 , Rosa M Ortega  7 , Lluis Serra-Majem  8   9 , Gregorio Varela-Moreiras  10   11 , Javier Aranceta-Bartrina  12   13
Affiliations

Lifestyle Patterns and Weight Status in Spanish Adults: The ANIBES Study

Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Limited knowledge is available on lifestyle patterns in Spanish adults. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aged 18-64 years and their association with obesity. Analysis was based on a subsample (n = 1617) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions and obesity. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, "Traditional DP", "Mediterranean DP", "Snack DP" and "Dairy-sweet DP". Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aggregated into three different clusters of lifestyle patterns: "Mixed diet-physically active-low sedentary lifestyle pattern", "Not poor diet-low physical activity-low sedentary lifestyle pattern" and "Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern". A higher proportion of people aged 18-30 years was classified into the "Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern". The prevalence odds ratio for obesity in men in the "Mixed diet-physically active-low sedentary lifestyle pattern" was significantly lower compared to those in the "Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern". Those behavior patterns are helpful to identify specific issues in population subgroups and inform intervention strategies. The findings in this study underline the importance of designing and implementing interventions that address multiple health risk practices, considering lifestyle patterns and associated determinants.

Keywords: adults; cluster analysis; dietary patterns; lifestyle patterns; obesity; physical activity; sedentary behavior.

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Conflict of interest statement

The ANIBES study was financially supported by a grant from Coca-Cola Iberia through an agreement with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN). The funding sponsors had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Factor loadings after varimax rotation on identified dietary patterns of food groups retained. Eigenvalues: Traditional DP = 2.15; Mediterranean DP = 1.64; Snack DP = 1.55; Dairy-sweet DP = 1.28. Percent of variance explained: Traditional DP: 8.74%; Mediterranean DP: 8.39%; Snack DP: 8.19%; Dairy sweet DP: 7.74%. Total variance explained 33.07%. Absolute values less than 0.20 are not shown.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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