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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2018 Mar;22(2):791-800.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-017-2154-7. Epub 2017 Jun 17.

The effects of a desiccant agent in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

Gaetano Isola  1   2 , Giovanni Matarese  3 , Ray C Williams  4 , Vincenzo Iorio Siciliano  5 , Angela Alibrandi  6 , Giancarlo Cordasco  1 , Luca Ramaglia  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

The effects of a desiccant agent in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

Gaetano Isola et al. Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: Chemotherapeutic agents have been widely used as adjuncts for the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP). This study investigated and compared a desiccant agent as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) versus SRP alone for the treatment of CP.

Materials and methods: Thirty-six patients with CP were studied. Using a split-mouth design, the maxillary right and left quadrants were randomly assigned to SRP plus desiccant (Hybenx® EPIEN Medical, Inc. St. Paul, MN, USA) or SRP alone. Patients were examined on a regular basis for clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory mediator changes over a 1-year period. Clinical attachment level (CAL) was the primary outcome variable. In addition, the red complex bacteria and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory mediators were monitored.

Results: Compared to baseline, both treatments demonstrated an improvement in periodontal parameters. Compared to SRP alone, SRP plus desiccant yielded a significant improvement in probing depth (PD) (SRP: 2.23 ± 0.31 mm vs. desiccant: 3.25 ± 0.57 mm, p < 0.05), CAL (SRP: 3.16 ± 0.29 mm vs. desiccant: 4.21 ± 0.34 mm, p < 0.05 mm) and bleeding on probing (BOP) (SRP: 4.56 ± 1.5% vs. desiccant: 34.23 ± 4.2%, p < 0.001) at 12 months. Similarly, in the SRP plus desiccant group, the bacteria of the red complex were significantly reduced (p < 0.05); and the level of inflammatory mediators was significantly reduced (p < 0.003) compared to SRP alone.

Conclusions: SRP plus the desiccant resulted in a greater reduction in clinical, microbial and inflammatory mediators compared to SRP alone.

Clinical relevance: Desiccant, when combined to SRP, was demonstrated as a significant approach to control the levels of certain periodontal pathogens, inflammatory mediators in patients with CP.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis; Desiccants; Local delivery; Microbiology; Randomized controlled trials; Scaling and root planing.

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