[Early diagnosis of HIV in Primary Care in Spain. Results of a pilot study based on targeted screening based on indicator conditions, behavioral criteria and region of origin]
- PMID: 28629887
- PMCID: PMC6836963
- DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.02.008
[Early diagnosis of HIV in Primary Care in Spain. Results of a pilot study based on targeted screening based on indicator conditions, behavioral criteria and region of origin]
Abstract
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of HIV infection in patients diagnosed with an indicator condition (IC) for HIV and/or risk behavior for their acquisition and/or coming from high prevalence countries. To determine the acceptability and feasibility of offering HIV testing based on IC and behavioral and origin criteria in Primary Care (PC).
Design: Cross-sectional study in a convenience sample.
Location: Six PC centers in Spain.
Participants: The inclusion criteria were: patients between 16 and 65years old who presented at least one of the proposed ICs and/or at least one of the proposed behavioral and/or origin criteria. A total of 388 patients participated.
Intervention: HIV serology was offered to all patients who met the inclusion criteria.
Main measurements: Description of IC frequency, behavioral and origin criteria. Prevalence of HIV infection. Level of acceptability and feasibility of the HIV screening based on IC and behavioral and origin criteria.
Results: A total of 174 patients had an IC (44.84%). The most common behavioral criterion was: having unprotected sex at some time in life with people who did not know their HIV status (298; 76.8%). Four HIV+ patients (1.03%) were diagnosed. All had an IC and were men who had sex with men. The level of acceptability in PC was high.
Conclusions: Offering HIV testing to patients with IC and behavioral criteria is feasible and effective in PC.
Objetivos: Estimar la prevalencia de la infección por VIH en pacientes diagnosticados con una condición indicadora (CI) para el VIH y/o que habían tenido una conducta de riesgo para su adquisición y/o que provenían de países con elevada prevalencia. Determinar la aceptabilidad y viabilidad de ofrecer la prueba del VIH basada en CI y criterios conductuales y de origen en atención primaria (AP).
Diseño: Estudio transversal en una muestra de conveniencia.
Emplazamiento: Seis centros de AP en España.
Participantes: Los criterios de inclusión fueron: pacientes entre 16 y 65 años que presentaban al menos una de las CI propuestas y/o al menos uno de los criterios conductuales y/o de origen propuestos. Participaron 388 pacientes.
Intervención: Se ofreció la serología del VIH a todos los pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión.
Mediciones principales: Descripción de la frecuencia de CI, criterios conductuales y de origen. Prevalencia de infección por VIH. Nivel de aceptabilidad y viabilidad de la oferta de la prueba del VIH basada en criterios conductuales y de origen y CI.
Resultados: Un total de 174 pacientes presentaron una CI (44,84%). El criterio conductual más común fue: haber mantenido relaciones sexuales desprotegidas alguna vez en la vida con personas que desconocían su estado serológico para el VIH (298; 76,8%). Se diagnosticaron 4 pacientes VIH+ (1,03%). Todos presentaban una CI y eran hombres que mantenían sexo con hombres. El nivel de aceptabilidad en AP fue elevada.
Conclusiones: Ofrecer la prueba del VIH a pacientes con CI y criterios conductuales es viable y efectiva en AP.
Keywords: AIDS; Atención primaria; Condiciones indicadoras; Diagnosis; Diagnóstico; HIV; Indicator conditions; Missed opportunities; Oportunidades perdidas; Primary care; Sida; VIH.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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