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. 2017:2017:4287547.
doi: 10.1155/2017/4287547. Epub 2017 May 24.

Staphylococcus saprophyticus Recovered from Humans, Food, and Recreational Waters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Viviane Santos de Sousa  1 , Ana Paula de Souza da-Silva  1 , Leif Sorenson  2 , Raphael Paiva Paschoal  1 , Renata Fernandes Rabello  3 , Eloiza Helena Campana  1 , Márcia Soares Pinheiro  3 , Lyssa Oliveira Ferreira Dos Santos  1 , Natacha Martins  1 , Ana Carolina Nunes Botelho  1 , Renata Cristina Picão  1 , Sérgio Eduardo Longo Fracalanzza  1 , Lee Woodland Riley  2 , George Sensabaugh  2 , Beatriz Meurer Moreira  1
Affiliations

Staphylococcus saprophyticus Recovered from Humans, Food, and Recreational Waters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Viviane Santos de Sousa et al. Int J Microbiol. 2017.

Abstract

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an important agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) in young women, but information about this pathogen in human microbiota and in common environment is lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize S. saprophyticus isolates from genitoanal microbiota of 621 pregnant women, 10 minas cheese packs, and five beaches in Rio de Janeiro city and compare PFGE profiles of these isolates with five UTI PFGE clusters described in this city. We investigated 65 S. saprophyticus isolates from microbiota, 13 from minas cheese, and 30 from beaches and 32 UTI isolates. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by disk diffusion, MIC by agar dilution, and PCR. Erythromycin-resistance genes erm(C), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), and lin(A) were found in 93% of isolates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance correlated with dfrG or dfrA genes. Three cefoxitin-resistant isolates carried the mecA gene. All isolates obtained from cheese were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents. Six of 10 pregnant women with >1 isolate had monoclonal colonization. Isolates from pregnant women shared 100% similarity with UTI PFGE cluster types A and E obtained almost 10 years previously, suggesting temporal persistence of S. saprophyticus. Antimicrobial resistance of beach isolates reflected the profiles of human isolates. Taken together, results indicate a shared source for human and environmental isolates.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of isolates obtained from different sources in Rio de Janeiro according to time. Capital letters represent the urinary tract infection (UTI) PFGE types. “~B”: beach isolate with 82% similarity with UTI type B.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates obtained from pregnant women, minas cheese, and beach waters of Rio de Janeiro. PFGE band patterns of (a) five isolates obtained from the microbiota of a single pregnant women; (b) comparison of the five uropathogenic PFGE clusters with one isolate per pregnant woman (n = 21) and (c) 10 isolates from minas cheese and 12 from beach waters. “A”: anal; “V”: vaginal.
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