Serum osteoprotegerin and renal function in the general population: the Tromsø Study

Abstract

Background: Serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) is elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increases with decreasing renal function. However, there are limited data regarding the association between OPG and renal function in the general population. The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between serum OPG and renal function in subjects recruited from the general population.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 6689 participants recruited from the general population in Tromsø, Norway. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations. OPG was modelled both as a continuous and categorical variable. General linear models and linear regression with adjustment for possible confounders were used to study the association between OPG and eGFR. Analyses were stratified by the median age, as serum OPG and age displayed a significant interaction on eGFR.

Results: In participants ≤62.2 years with normal renal function (eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m²) eGFR increased by 0.35 mL/min/1.73 m² (95% CI 0.13-0.56) per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in serum OPG after multiple adjustment. In participants older than the median age with impaired renal function (eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m²), eGFR decreased by 1.54 (95% CI -2.06 to -1.01) per 1 SD increase in serum OPG.

Conclusions: OPG was associated with an increased eGFR in younger subjects with normal renal function and with a decreased eGFR in older subjects with reduced renal function. Our findings imply that the association between OPG and eGFR varies with age and renal function.

Keywords: estimated glomerular filtration rate; general population; osteoprotegerin; renal function.

Fig. 1.

Estimated GFR with 95% CI across tertiles of OPG in the total population (n = 6689). Unadjusted P-value for trend <0.0001. Multivariable adjusted P-value for trend 0.084.

Fig. 2.

Estimated GFR with 95% CI after multivariable adjustment across tertiles of OPG. (A) Participants with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m² (n = 4147), P-value for trend <0.0001. (B) Participants with eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m² (n = 2438), P-value for trend <0.0001.