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. 2017 Jun 14:10:185-192.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S135935. eCollection 2017.

Rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Kefyalew N Jaleta  1 , Mucheye Gizachew  1 , Baye Gelaw  1 , Habtie Tesfa  2 , Alem Getaneh  1 , Belete Biadgo  3
Affiliations

Rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Kefyalew N Jaleta et al. Infect Drug Resist. .

Abstract

Background: Various studies have reported that the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a significant threat to tuberculosis-control programs worldwide. Rifampicin resistance is a surrogate marker of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, since it reveals the presence of greater than 90% isoniazid resistance. Evidence on rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is scarce in the literature.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at the University of Gondar Hospital.

Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from January 2013 to August 2015. Data were collected from registration books using a data-extraction format after securing ethical approval and checking the completeness of necessary information. Data were double-entered and rechecked to ensure accuracy and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Associations were assessed using Fisher's exact test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 1,820 M. tuberculosis-presumptive patients were included in the study. The majority of the study participants were males (59.2%). The mean age of the participants was 36.6±15.8 years. The preponderant age-group was 24-30 years, with 477 (23.5%) patients. The overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis-confirmed cases was 448 (24.6%, 95% CI 0.23-0.27). Of the 448 M. tuberculosis-confirmed cases, 71 (15.8%, 95% CI 1.12-1.19) were resistant to rifampicin. Rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis was observed among HIV seropositives (14 [18.7%]), males (45[17.3%]), and previously treated tuberculosis patients (61 [16.5%]), although no significant association was found in this study.

Conclusion: The overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance was found to be high in tuberculosis patients in this study. Therefore, early detection of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis should be strengthened for management of tuberculosis patients.

Keywords: University of Gondar Hospital; rifampicin-resistant; tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Rif-resistant MTB based on year of diagnosis. Notes: MTB+/RIF−, MTB-positive, but not Rif-resistant. MTB+/RIF+: MTB-positive and Rif-resistant. Abbreviations: MTB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rif, rifampicin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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