The effect of educational program based on the precede-proceed model on improving self-care behaviors in a semi-urban population with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers of Bavi, Iran

Abstract

Aims: Self-care in patients with diabetes reduces the number of hospital admissions, costs and improves their quality of life so that just by training self-care to them can reduce 80 percent of diabetic complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on precede-proceed model on improving self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers in city Bavi in 2016-2017.

Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study, conducted on 110 patient women with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers in Bavi city in 2016-2017. The training program was designed based on Precede-Proceed Model. Data collection tools included the Precede researcher-made questionnaire and the Glasgow questionnaire. The duration of the training course was three months. After one month, the effect of this program, and the amount of improvement of the patients' self-care behavior were evaluated. Independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were carried was used for data analysis.

Results: After the intervention, the average score of predisposing factors (knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy), reinforcing factors, enabling factors and self-care behaviors, in the intervention group compared to the control group, significantly increased (P<0.05). After the training, the fasting blood sugar (FBS) and body mass index (BMI) decreased in the experimental group, but this reduction was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that Precede-Proceed Model would be an appropriate framework to educate patients with type 2 diabetes as well as promote self-care behaviors.

Keywords: Health education; Precede-Proceed model; Self-care behaviors; Type 2 diabetes.