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. 2017 Jul 11;12(1):106.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-017-0615-y.

Patella morphological alteration after patella instability in growing rabbits

Jinghui Niu  1 , Qi Qi  1 , Yingzhen Niu  1 , Conglei Dong  1 , Zhenyue Dong  1 , Peng Cui  1 , Fei Wang  2
Affiliations

Patella morphological alteration after patella instability in growing rabbits

Jinghui Niu et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Background: The shape of the patella has been considered to be a predisposing factor resulting in patellar instability, but the effects of abnormal patella position during its development are unclear. The present study evaluated patellar morphological changes after patella instability and evaluated the influence of patellar instability on the patella shape.

Methods: Twenty rabbits that were 2 months old were included in the study. The left knee of each rabbit, defined as the experimental group (N = 20 knees/group), underwent a medial soft tissue restraint release. The right knee of each rabbit, defined as the control group (N = 20 knees/group), did not undergo any surgical procedures. A CT scan was performed on each knee before surgery and 6 months post-surgery to measure the transverse diameter, thickness, Wiberg index, and Wiberg angle for analysis of the patellar morphological changes. Cross-specimen examination was conducted to evaluate the differences between the experimental group and the control group.

Results: The four indices remained the same between the two groups before surgery. However, 6 months after surgery, the mean transverse diameter of the patellae in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control group (P < 0.001), while the mean thickness in the experimental group was not significantly greater than that in the control group (P = 0.314), resulting in a flattened shape. The Wiberg indices were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the mean Wiberg angle was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.001), which resulted in a flattened articular surface of the patella.

Conclusion: The sectional shape and articular surface of the patella became more flattened after patella instability in this study, which indicates that patella dysplasia could be caused by patella instability. Clinically, early intervention for adolescent patients with patella instability is important.

Keywords: Knee; Patella; Patella dislocation; Rabbits.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval

All animals were treated humanely according to the guidelines of the Guidebook for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The investigation process was approved by the ethics committee of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The number is K-2016-247. The study is an animal experiment, so no consent was needed.

Consent for publication

Not Applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Medial retinaculum and joint capsule was cut
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Transverse diameter: length of line AB; thickness: length of line CD; Wiberg index: length of BE/length of AB; Wiberg angle: ∠D
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The patella in the experimental group (left) is wider than that in the control group (right)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The articular surface in the experimental group (left) is more flattened than that in the control group (right)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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