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. 2017 Jul 1;9(1):e2017042.
doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2017.042. eCollection 2017.

Haptoglobin Phenotypes and Susceptibility to Schistosoma Parasites Infection in Central Sudan

Ashraf Siddig Yousif  1   2 , Atif Abdelrahman Elagib  3
Affiliations

Haptoglobin Phenotypes and Susceptibility to Schistosoma Parasites Infection in Central Sudan

Ashraf Siddig Yousif et al. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein that binds the free hemoglobin (Hb), thus preventing iron loss and renal damage. Hp also has antioxidative and immunomodulatory properties. Three Hp phenotypes have been identified in human: Hp1-1, Hp2-1, and Hp2-2. Hp polymorphisms have been related to susceptibility of various diseases. In this study, we aimed to assess the possible association of Hp phenotypes polymorphism to Schistosoma parasites infection in central Sudan. We have investigated the Hp phenotypes polymorphism distribution in the serum of 125 (93 S. mansoni, 13 S. haematobium and 19 infected with both "co-infection") parasitologically confirmed infected individuals and 208 healthy individuals served as control. Hp phenotypes have been determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by benzidine staining. Our study revealed that Hp1-1 percentage frequency was significantly higher in infected individuals than healthy control individuals 51% and 26% respectively. Our data suggest that Hp1-1 phenotype may upsurge the susceptibility to Schistosoma parasites infection in central Sudan.

Keywords: Haptoglobin; Infection and Susceptibility; Polymorphism; Schistosoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Determination of haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes (Hp 1-1, 2-1 and 2-2) after supplementation with free hemoglobin (Hb) from hemolysate to form Hp/Hb complex and then separated by polyacrylamide gel followed by benzidine staining. Free hemoglobin indicated and in parallel hemolysate runs as control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overall distribution percentage of different Hp phenotypes among individuals infected with Schistosoma parasites and healthy control individuals. Value of p<0.05 considered significant.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Overall distribution percentage of different Hp phenotypes among individuals infected either with S. mansoni, S. haematobium or both “Co-infection” compared to healthy control individuals. Value of p<0.05 considered significant.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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