Dual-Energy Computed Tomography: Physical Principles, Approaches to Scanning, Usage, and Implementation: Part 1

Abstract

There are increasing applications of dual-energy computed tomography (CT), a type of spectral CT, in neuroradiology and head and neck imaging. In this 2-part review, the fundamental principles underlying spectral CT scanning and the major considerations in implementing this type of scanning in clinical practice are reviewed. In the first part of this 2-part review, the physical principles underlying spectral CT scanning are reviewed, followed by an overview of the different approaches for spectral CT scanning, including a discussion of the strengths and challenges encountered with each approach.

Keywords: Dual-energy CT; Dual-source CT; Fast kVp switching; Gemstone spectral imaging; Layered or sandwich detectors; Photon counting; Spectral CT or multienergy CT; Virtual monochromatic images.