Use of perampanel in children and adolescents with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

Abstract

Aim: Report the use of perampanel treatment in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).

Method: We conducted a prospective study of 13 LGS patients (seven male; mean age, 12.8years) treated with adjunctive perampanel therapy. Perampanel was initiated at 2mg/day and titrated to a median maximum dose of 6mg/day.

Results: After a mean follow-up duration of 10.8months (range, 1-24months), nine patients (69.2%) were responders (≥50% reduction in total seizure frequency) and nine (69.2%) were rated by their physician as "much improved" or "very much improved". Four patients (30.8%) discontinued perampanel due to the lack of efficacy (n=2) and seizure aggravation (n=2). No patients discontinued due to other adverse events (AEs). AEs were reported for six patients (46.2%) and comprised decreased activity/social interaction (n=3), behavior disturbance with agitation (n=2), and/or fatigue (n=2). All AEs became manageable after perampanel dosing was decreased. Improvements in cognitive function and/or behavior were reported for seven patients (53.8%). Introduction of perampanel allowed the dose reduction and/or discontinuation of other treatments in seven patients (53.8%).

Interpretation: Perampanel was efficacious and generally well tolerated as an adjunctive treatment for seizures associated with LGS, supporting further research in this area.

Keywords: AMPA receptor antagonist; Antiepileptic drug; Epilepsy; Epileptic encephalopathy; Lennox–Gastaut syndrome.