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. 2017 Jul 18;6(7):e134.
doi: 10.2196/resprot.7327.

Comparing Mobile Health Strategies to Improve Medication Adherence for Veterans With Coronary Heart Disease (Mobile4Meds): Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study

Linda G Park  1 , Eileen G Collins  2 , Janet K Shim  3 , Mary A Whooley  4
Affiliations

Comparing Mobile Health Strategies to Improve Medication Adherence for Veterans With Coronary Heart Disease (Mobile4Meds): Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study

Linda G Park et al. JMIR Res Protoc. .

Abstract

Background: Adherence to antiplatelet medications is critical to prevent life threatening complications (ie, stent thrombosis) after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs), yet rates of nonadherence range from 21-57% by 12 months. Mobile interventions delivered via text messaging or mobile apps represent a practical and inexpensive strategy to promote behavior change and enhance medication adherence.

Objective: The Mobile4Meds study seeks to determine whether text messaging or a mobile app, compared with an educational website control provided to all Veterans, can improve adherence to antiplatelet therapy among patients following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or PCI. The three aims of the study are to: (1) determine preferences for content and frequency of text messaging to promote medication adherence through focus groups; (2) identify the most patient-centered app that promotes adherence, through a content analysis of all commercially available apps for medication adherence and focus groups centered on usability; and (3) compare adherence to antiplatelet medications in Veterans after ACS/PCI via a randomized clinical trial (RCT).

Methods: We will utilize a mixed-methods design that uses focus groups to achieve the first and second aims (N=32). Patients will be followed for 12 months after being randomly assigned to one of three arms: (1) customized text messaging, (2) mobile app, or (3) website-control groups (N=225). Medication adherence will be measured with electronic monitoring devices, pharmacy records, and self-reports.

Results: Enrollment for the focus groups is currently in progress. We expect to enroll patients for the RCT in the beginning of 2018.

Conclusions: Determining the efficacy of mobile technology using a Veteran-designed protocol to promote medication adherence will have a significant impact on Veteran health and public health, particularly for individuals with chronic diseases that require strict medication adherence.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03022669.

Keywords: adherence; cardiovascular disease; medication; mobile application; mobile health; text messaging.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Aims, objectives, and outcomes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Conceptual model of behavior change for medication adherence.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Overview of study structure and sample. FG: focus group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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