A guiding map for inflammation

Mihai G Netea^{1

2}, Frances Balkwill³, Michel Chonchol⁴, Fabio Cominelli⁵, Marc Y Donath⁶, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis⁷, Douglas Golenbock⁸, Mark S Gresnigt¹, Michael T Heneka^{9

10}, Hal M Hoffman¹¹, Richard Hotchkiss¹², Leo A B Joosten^{1

13}, Daniel L Kastner¹⁴, Martin Korte¹⁵, Eicke Latz^{8

10

16}, Peter Libby¹⁷, Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen¹⁸, Alberto Mantovani¹⁹, Kingston H G Mills²⁰, Kristen L Nowak⁴, Luke A O'Neill²⁰, Peter Pickkers²¹, Tom van der Poll²², Paul M Ridker^{23

24}, Joost Schalkwijk²⁵, David A Schwartz²⁶, Britta Siegmund²⁷, Clifford J Steer²⁸, Herbert Tilg²⁹, Jos W M van der Meer¹, Frank L van de Veerdonk¹, Charles A Dinarello^{1

30}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
² Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.
³ Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
⁴ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
⁵ Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
⁶ Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁷ 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
⁸ Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
⁹ Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Gerontopsychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
¹⁰ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
¹¹ Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California at San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
¹² Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine, and Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
¹³ Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
¹⁴ Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹⁵ TU Braunschweig, Zoological Institute and HZI, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany.
¹⁶ Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
¹⁷ Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹⁹ Humanitas Clinica Research Center, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy.
²⁰ School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
²¹ Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
²² Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
²³ Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁴ Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁵ Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
²⁶ Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
²⁷ Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
²⁸ Departments of Medicine and of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
²⁹ Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology &Endocrinology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
³⁰ Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

PMID: 28722720
PMCID: PMC5939996
DOI: 10.1038/ni.3790

A guiding map for inflammation

Mihai G Netea et al. Nat Immunol. 2017.

. 2017 Jul 19;18(8):826-831.

doi: 10.1038/ni.3790.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
² Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.
³ Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
⁴ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
⁵ Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
⁶ Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁷ 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
⁸ Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
⁹ Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Gerontopsychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
¹⁰ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
¹¹ Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California at San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
¹² Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine, and Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
¹³ Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
¹⁴ Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹⁵ TU Braunschweig, Zoological Institute and HZI, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany.
¹⁶ Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
¹⁷ Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
¹⁹ Humanitas Clinica Research Center, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy.
²⁰ School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
²¹ Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
²² Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
²³ Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁴ Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
²⁵ Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
²⁶ Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
²⁷ Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
²⁸ Departments of Medicine and of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
²⁹ Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology &Endocrinology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
³⁰ Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

PMID: 28722720
PMCID: PMC5939996
DOI: 10.1038/ni.3790

Erratum in

Author Correction: A guiding map for inflammation.
Netea MG, Balkwill F, Chonchol M, Cominelli F, Donath MY, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Golenbock D, Gresnigt MS, Heneka MT, Hoffman HM, Hotchkiss R, Joosten LAB, Kastner DL, Korte M, Latz E, Libby P, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Mantovani A, Mills KHG, Nowak KL, O'Neill LA, Pickkers P, van der Poll T, Ridker PM, Schalkwijk J, Schwartz DA, Siegmund B, Steer CJ, Tilg H, van der Meer JWM, van de Veerdonk FL, Dinarello CA. Netea MG, et al. Nat Immunol. 2021 Feb;22(2):254. doi: 10.1038/s41590-020-00846-5. Nat Immunol. 2021. PMID: 33288963 No abstract available.

Abstract

Biologists, physicians and immunologists have contributed to the understanding of the cellular participants and biological pathways involved in inflammation. Here, we provide a general guide to the cellular and humoral contributors to inflammation as well as to the pathways that characterize inflammation in specific organs and tissues.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
The immunological mechanisms leading to the induction of inflammation during the first stages of host defense against invading pathogens. α1-antitrypsin (AAT), pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), membrane attack complex (MAC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), mannose binding lectin (MBL), macrophage or monocyte (Mϕ), C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand (CCL).

**Figure 2**
The regulatory mechanisms that modulate inflammation, leading to resolution after the invading pathogens have been eliminated. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), α1-antitrypsin (AAT), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1R1), interleukin-1 receptor type II (IL-1R2) tumour necrosis factor (TNF), soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR), TNF receptor type I/II (TNFR I/II), prostaglandin E2(PGE₂), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), macrophage or monocyte (Mϕ)

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Eltzschig HK, Carmeliet P. Hypoxia and inflammation. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:656–665. - PMC - PubMed
1. Franceschi C, Campisi J. Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) and its potential contribution to age-associated diseases. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014;69(Suppl 1):S4–9. - PubMed
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1. Dinarello CA. Historical insights into cytokines. Eur J Immunol. 2007;37(Suppl 1):S34–45. - PMC - PubMed

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A guiding map for inflammation

Affiliations

A guiding map for inflammation

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Figures

References

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

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Medical