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. 2017;4(1):28.
doi: 10.1186/s40643-017-0158-4. Epub 2017 Jun 30.

Microbial degradation of petrochemical waste-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

M H Fulekar  1   2
Affiliations

Microbial degradation of petrochemical waste-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

M H Fulekar. Bioresour Bioprocess. 2017.

Abstract

Background: Petrochemical industry is one of the fastest growing industries. This industry has immense importance in the growth of economy and manufacture of large varieties of chemicals. The petrochemical industry is a hazardous group of industry generating hazardous waste containing organic and inorganic compounds. In spite of the present treatment process, the hazardous waste compounds are found untreated to the acceptable level and found discharged at soil-water environment resulting into the persistent organic-inorganic pollutant into the environment. The bioremediation will be the innovative techniques to remove the persistent pollutants in the environment.

Result: Petrochemical contaminated site was found to be a rich source of microbial consortium degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Indigenous microbial consortiums were identified and used for bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene and anthracene) at the concentrations of 250, 500, and 750 ppm. The potential microorganism was also identified for naphthalene and anthracene, and their bioremediation was studied at varying concentrations. The bioremediation with consortium was found to be comparatively more effective than the potential microorganism used for bioremediation of each compound. Pseudomonas aeruginosa a potential organism was identified by 16S rRNA and further studied for the gene responsible for the PAH compounds.

Conclusion: Indigenous microorganism as a consortium has been found effective and efficient source for remediation of organic compound-Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and this will also be applicable to remediate the toxic compounds to clean up the environment.

Keywords: Microbial consortium; Microbial degradation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a Degradation of naphthalene by microbial consortium in TMM. b Variations in COD and BOD during bioremediation of naphthalene by microbial consortium in TMM. c Variations in viable count and pH during bioremediation of naphthalene by microbial consortium in TMM. d Mass spectra of naphthalene (m/z identification-128), salicylic acid (m/z identification-138), and catechol (m/z identification-109)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a Degradation of anthracene by microbial consortium in TMM. b Variation in viable count and variation in pH during bioremediation of anthracene by microbial consortium in TMM. c Variations in COD and BOD during bioremediation of anthracene by microbial consortium in TMM. d Mass spectra of Anthracene (m/z identification-178), 1-methoxy-2-hydroxy-anthracene (m/z identification-224), and Anthraquinone (m/z identification-208)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a Degradation of naphthalene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in TMM. b Variations in viable count and pH during bioremediation of naphthalene by P. aeruginosa in TMM. c Variations in COD and BOD during bioremediation of naphthalene by P. aeruginosa in TMM. d Mass spectra of naphthalene (m/z identification 128), salicyliate (m/z identification 138), and catechol (m/z identification 109)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
a.Degradation of anthracene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in TMM. b Variations in viable count and pH during bioremediation of anthracene by P. aeruginosa in TMM. c Variations in COD and BOD during bioremediation of anthracene by P. aeruginosa in TMM. d Mass spectrum of Anthracene (m/z identification-178), benzocoumarin (m/z identification-196, 168, 139), and catechol (m/z identification-110)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
a Genomic characterization of potential microorganism responsible for bioremediation Anthracene. Plasmid DNA isolated from potential microorganism, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lane 1 DNA ladder, Lane 2 26 kb plasmid. b Agarose gel of PCR products. Lane 1 (from left) 1-kb ladder, lane 2 337-bp DNA fragment generated from P. putida NCIB 9816-4 which was taken as positive control, and lane 3 337-bp DNA fragment generated from potential microorganism P. aeruginosa strain using nahAa probe
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