Reducing alcohol consumption to minimize weight gain and facilitate smoking cessation among military beneficiaries

Abstract

Introduction: Smoking cessation-related weight gain can have significant negative health and career consequences for military personnel. Alcohol reduction combined with smoking cessation may decrease weight gain and relapse.

Method: A randomized clinical trial of military beneficiaries compared a standard smoking cessation (i.e., brief informational) intervention (N=159), with a brief motivational smoking cessation intervention that emphasized reduced drinking to lessen caloric intake and minimize weight gain (N=158).

Results: Participants who received the motivational intervention were significantly more likely to quit smoking at the 3-month follow-up (p=0.02), but the differences were not maintained at 6 (p=0.18) or 12months (p=0.16). Neither weight change nor alcohol reduction distinguished the 2 groups. Smoking cessation rates at 12months (motivational group=32.91%, informational group=25.79%) were comparable to previous studies, but successful cessation was not mediated by reduced drinking.

Conclusions: Alcohol reduction combined with smoking cessation did not result in decreased weight gain or improved outcomes.

Keywords: Alcohol consumption; Military; Tobacco cessation; Weight gain.