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Review
. 2017 Aug;64(4):893-909.
doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.010.

Tuberculosis in Children

Tania A Thomas  1
Affiliations
Review

Tuberculosis in Children

Tania A Thomas. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Aug.

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading cause of death worldwide from a single bacterial pathogen. The World Health Organization estimates that annually 1 million children have tuberculosis (TB) disease and many more harbor a latent form. Accurate estimates are hindered by under-recognition and challenges in diagnosis. To date, an accurate diagnostic test to confirm TB in children does not exist. Treatment is lengthy but outcomes are generally favorable with timely initiation. With the End TB Strategy, there is an urgent need for improved diagnostics and treatment to prevent the unnecessary morbidity and mortality from TB in children.

Keywords: Advocacy; Diagnosis; Global epidemiology; Latent infection; Management; Prevention; Tuberculosis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Estimated TB incidence rates in 2015. From WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2016; with permission.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Age related risks of TB disease after primary infection in the pre-chemotherapy era.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Spectrum of TB in children.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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