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. 2017 Jul;54(8):2306-2315.
doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2668-7. Epub 2017 May 23.

Evaluating the antimicrobial potential of green cardamom essential oil focusing on quorum sensing inhibition of Chromobacterium violaceum

Abdullah  1 , Ali Asghar  1 , Masood Sadiq Butt  1 , Muhammad Shahid  2 , Qingrong Huang  3
Affiliations

Evaluating the antimicrobial potential of green cardamom essential oil focusing on quorum sensing inhibition of Chromobacterium violaceum

Abdullah et al. J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Jul.

Abstract

Spices are well known for their taste and flavor imparting properties. Green cardamom (Elletaria cardamomum), a herb spice belongs to family Zingiberaceae. In current study, GC-MS analysis of green cardamom essential oil (CEO) resulted in identification of twenty-six compounds with α-terpinyl acetate (38.4%), 1,8-cineole (28.71%), linalool acetate (8.42%), sabinene (5.21%), and linalool (3.97%) as major bioactive components. Present study also described the antimicrobial properties like zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration against microbial strains with special emphasis on quorum sensing inhibition. Disk diffusion assay showed that C. albicans and S. mutans were the most sensitive microorganisms followed by S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, B. cereus and S. typhimurium sensor strains, respectively. Whilst P. aeruginosa was found most resistant strain as CEO did not inhibited its growth. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of CEO against tested strains were 10 ± 0.00 mg/mL against S. typhimurium, S. aureus and 5 ± 0.00 mg/mL against S. mutans, C. albicans strains, respectively. Regarding quorum sensing inhibition the tested concentrations 0.625 and 0.313 mg/mL of CEO inhibited violacein production with very little effect on growth of C. violaceum. Conclusively, study proved that quorum sensing inhibition values of CEO were much lower compared to MIC revealed values. Hence, cardamom bioactive constituents can effectively be used to develop novel antimicrobial drugs against conventional antibiotics.

Keywords: Antimicrobial potential; GC–MS; Green cardamom; Quorum sensing inhibition.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The minimal inhibitory concentration of GCEO against Salmonella enteric subsp. Typhimurium JSG 1748
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The minimal inhibitory concentration of GCEO against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33402
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The minimal inhibitory concentration of GCEO against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The minimal inhibitory concentration of GCEO against Candida albicans ATCC 11006
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Production of violacein by C. violaceum in comparison with bacterial growth in presence of GCEO
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