Assessment of patients' knowledge and practices regarding their medication use and risks in Lebanon

Abstract

Background Patients' knowledge of their medications play a pivotal role in their disease management. Objective Assess the knowledge and practices of Lebanese outpatients regarding their own medication use and risks. Setting Four hundred and sixty community pharmacies across Lebanon. Method It was a cross-sectional study performed from March through May 2016 among Lebanese outpatients, using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate all participants' responses. The association between categorical variables were evaluated using Pearson χ² test or Fisher's exact test. Binary logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with medication patients' knowledge and interest. Main outcome measure Ability of the patients to identify own medications' elements: name, strength, dosage regimen, indication, and adverse drug reactions. Results Our study comprised 921 patients, with around 16% taking ≥5 medications/day. Around 56% of our patients showed sub-optimal medication knowledge. Patients' higher educational level, number of chronic diseases, and patient physician interaction were associated with higher medication knowledge. Many patients admitted not discussing their medications each time they visit their physicians (38.7%); not reading the leaflet of each medication they take (61.2%); and not regularly asking their pharmacist about the potential interactions of OTC drugs with prescribed medications (53.9%). Conclusion This study showed suboptimal medication-related knowledge, and suboptimal patient's interactions with primary care givers. Our findings serve as a platform for healthcare providers to understand patients' needs and educate them about medication use and risks.

Keywords: Adverse drug reactions; Community pharmacies; Knowledge; Lebanon; Medication; Outpatients.