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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 Jul 31;7(7):CD006375.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006375.pub4.

Mid-urethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women

Abigail A Ford  1 , Lynne Rogerson, June D Cody, Patricia Aluko, Joseph A Ogah
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Mid-urethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women

Abigail A Ford et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Urinary incontinence is a very common and debilitating problem affecting about 50% of women at some point in their lives. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a predominant cause in 30% to 80% of these women imposing significant health and economic burden on society and the women affected. Mid-urethral sling (MUS) operations are a recognised minimally invasive surgical treatment for SUI. MUS involves the passage of a small strip of tape through either the retropubic or obturator space, with entry or exit points at the lower abdomen or groin, respectively. This review does not include single-incision slings.

Objectives: To assess the clinical effects of mid-urethral sling (MUS) operations for the treatment of SUI, urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) or mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in women.

Search methods: We searched: Cochrane Incontinence Specialised Register (including: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, ClinicalTrials.gov) (searched 26 June 2014); Embase Classic (January 1947 to Week 25 2014); WHO ICTRP (searched 30 June 2014); reference lists.

Selection criteria: Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials amongst women with SUI, USI or MUI, in which both trial arms involve a MUS operation.

Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently assessed the methodological quality of potentially eligible studies and extracted data from included trials.

Main results: We included 81 trials that evaluated 12,113 women. We assessed the quality of evidence for outcomes using the GRADE assessment tool; the quality of most outcomes was moderate, mainly due to risk of bias or imprecision.Fifty-five trials with data contributed by 8652 women compared the use of the transobturator route (TOR) and retropubic route (RPR). There is moderate quality evidence that in the short term (up to one year) the rate of subjective cure of TOR and RPR are similar (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00; 36 trials, 5514 women; moderate quality evidence) ranging from 62% to 98% in the TOR group, and from 71% to 97% in the RPR group. Short-term objective cure was similar in the TOR and RPR groups (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00; 40 trials, 6145 women). Fewer trials reported medium-term (one to five years) and longer-term (over five years) data, but subjective cure was similar between the groups (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.09; 5 trials, 683 women; low quality evidence; and RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.12; 4 trials, 714 women; moderate quality evidence, respectively). In the long term, subjective cure rates ranged from 43% to 92% in the TOR group, and from 51% to 88% in the RPR group.MUS procedures performed using the RPR had higher morbidity when compared to TOR, though the overall rate of adverse events remained low. The rate of bladder perforation was lower after TOR (0.6% versus 4.5%; RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.20; 40 trials, 6372 women; moderate quality evidence). Major vascular/visceral injury, mean operating time, operative blood loss and length of hospital stay were lower with TOR.Postoperative voiding dysfunction was less frequent following TOR (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.65; 37 trials, 6200 women; moderate quality evidence). Overall rates of groin pain were higher in the TOR group (6.4% versus 1.3%; RR 4.12, 95% CI 2.71 to 6.27; 18 trials, 3221 women; moderate quality evidence) whereas suprapubic pain was lower in the TOR group (0.8% versus 2.9%; RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.78); both being of short duration. The overall rate of vaginal tape erosion/exposure/extrusion was low in both groups: 24/1000 instances with TOR compared with 21/1000 for RPR (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.65; 31 trials, 4743 women; moderate quality evidence). There were only limited data to inform the need for repeat incontinence surgery in the long term, but it was more likely in the TOR group than in the RPR group (RR 8.79, 95% CI 3.36 to 23.00; 4 trials, 695 women; low quality evidence).A retropubic bottom-to-top route was more effective than top-to-bottom route for subjective cure (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.19; 3 trials, 477 women; moderate quality evidence). It incurred significantly less voiding dysfunction, and led to fewer bladder perforations and vaginal tape erosions.Short-and medium-term subjective cure rates between transobturator tapes passed using a medial-to-lateral as opposed to a lateral-to-medial approach were similar (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.06; 6 trials, 759 women; moderate quality evidence, and RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.23; 2 trials, 235 women; moderate quality evidence). There was moderate quality evidence that voiding dysfunction was more frequent in the medial-to-lateral group (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.88; 8 trials, 1121 women; moderate quality evidence), but vaginal perforation was less frequent in the medial-to-lateral route (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.53; 3 trials, 541 women). Due to the very low quality of the evidence, it is unclear whether the lower rates of vaginal epithelial perforation affected vaginal tape erosion (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.09; 7 trials, 1087 women; very low quality evidence).

Authors' conclusions: Mid-urethral sling operations have been the most extensively researched surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women and have a good safety profile. Irrespective of the routes traversed, they are highly effective in the short and medium term, and accruing evidence demonstrates their effectiveness in the long term. This review illustrates their positive impact on improving the quality of life of women with SUI. However, a brief economic commentary (BEC) identified three studies suggesting that transobturator may be more cost-effective compared with retropubic. Fewer adverse events occur with employment of a transobturator approach with the exception of groin pain. When comparing transobturator techniques of a medial-to-lateral versus a lateral-to-medial insertion, there is no evidence to support the use of one approach over the other. However, a bottom-to-top route was more effective than top-to-bottom route for retropubic tapes.A salient point illustrated throughout this review is the need for reporting of longer-term outcome data from the numerous existing trials. This would substantially increase the evidence base and provide clarification regarding uncertainties about long-term effectiveness and adverse event profile.

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Conflict of interest statement

Abigail A Ford: For the 2015 review: Johnson and Johnson for part sponsorship to attend International Urogynaecology Association conference (IUGA), Washington, 2014. For the 2017 BECs review update: Astellas: money given towards travel costs to IUGA meeting 2016, no other financial benefit. This had no impact on this current work.

Lynne Rogerson: For the 2015 review: Astellas: Paid in full for attendance at European Urogynaecological Association meeting in Berlin. For the 2017 BECs review update: registration fee for ICS Rio 2014 paid by Boston Scientific for October 2014 ‐ paid directly to the conference but nothing to do with Cochrane.

June D Cody: For the 2015 review: nothing to declare. For the 2017 BECs review update: None known.

Joseph Ogah: For the 2015 review: part sponsorship for conference registration fees and speaker honoraria by Astellas UK; sponsored to attend workshops by Johnson and Johnson and Speciality European Pharma. All these sponsorships are unrelated to this review. For the 2017 BECs review update: None known.

Patricia Aluko: For the 2017 BECs review: This project, to add Brief Economic Commentaries to our 'Surgery for UI in women' reviews, was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), via the Cochrane Review Incentive Scheme 2016, to the Cochrane Incontinence Group. The views and opinions expressed therein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Systematic Reviews Programme, NIHR, NHS or the Department of Health.

Figures

1
1
PRISMA study flow diagram
2
2
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgments about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
3
3
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgments about each risk of bias item for each included study.
4
4
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic (RPR) route, outcome: 1.1 Subjective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year)
5
5
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic (RPR) route, outcome: 1.16 Bladder or urethral perforation
6
6
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic (RPR) route, outcome: 1.17 Voiding dysfunction
7
7
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic (RPR) route, outcome: 1.22 Vaginal tape erosion
8
8
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic (RPR) route, outcome: 1.24 Groin pain
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 1 Subjective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.2
1.2. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 2 Subjective cure and improvement (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.3
1.3. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 3 Subjective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
1.4
1.4. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 4 Subjective cure (long term, > 5 years).
1.5
1.5. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 5 Subjective cure and improvement (long term, > 5 years).
1.6
1.6. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 6 Objective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.7
1.7. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 7 Objective cure and improvement (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.8
1.8. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 8 Objective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
1.9
1.9. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 9 Objective cure (long term, > 5 years).
1.10
1.10. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 10 Operative time (minutes).
1.11
1.11. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 11 Operative blood loss (ml).
1.12
1.12. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 12 Length of hospital stay (days).
1.13
1.13. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 13 Time to return to normal activity level (weeks).
1.14
1.14. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 14 Perioperative complications.
1.15
1.15. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 15 Major vascular or visceral injury.
1.16
1.16. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 16 Bladder or urethral perforation.
1.17
1.17. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 17 Voiding dysfunction.
1.18
1.18. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 18 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.19
1.19. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 19 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
1.20
1.20. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 20 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence (long term, > 5 years).
1.21
1.21. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 21 Detrusor overactivity.
1.22
1.22. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 22 Vaginal tape erosion.
1.23
1.23. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 23 Bladder/urethral erosion.
1.24
1.24. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 24 Groin pain.
1.25
1.25. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 25 Suprapubic pain.
1.26
1.26. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 26 Repeat incontinence surgery (short term, ≤ 1 year).
1.27
1.27. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 27 Repeat incontinence surgery (medium term , 1 to 5 years).
1.28
1.28. Analysis
Comparison 1 Transobturator (TOR) versus retropubic route (RPR), Outcome 28 Repeat incontinence surgery (long term > 5 years).
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 1 Subjective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
2.2
2.2. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 2 Objective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
2.3
2.3. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 3 Operative time (minutes).
2.4
2.4. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 4 Length of hospital stay (days).
2.5
2.5. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 5 Perioperative complications.
2.6
2.6. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 6 Bladder or urethral perforation.
2.7
2.7. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 7 Voiding dysfunction.
2.8
2.8. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 8 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence.
2.9
2.9. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 9 Detrusor overactivity.
2.10
2.10. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 10 Vaginal tape erosion.
2.11
2.11. Analysis
Comparison 2 Retropubic bottom‐to‐top approach versus retropubic top‐to‐bottom approach, Outcome 11 QoL specific.
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 1 Subjective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
3.2
3.2. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 2 Subjective cure and improvement (short term, ≤ 1 year).
3.3
3.3. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 3 Subjective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
3.4
3.4. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 4 Subjective cure and improvement (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
3.5
3.5. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 5 Objective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
3.6
3.6. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 6 Objective cure and improvement (short term, ≤ 1 year).
3.7
3.7. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 7 Operative time (minutes).
3.8
3.8. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 8 Operative blood loss (ml).
3.9
3.9. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 9 Length of hospital stay (days).
3.10
3.10. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 10 Time to return to normal activity level.
3.11
3.11. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 11 Perioperative complications.
3.12
3.12. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 12 Major vascular or visceral injury.
3.13
3.13. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 13 Vaginal perforation/injury.
3.14
3.14. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 14 Bladder or urethral perforation.
3.15
3.15. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 15 Voiding dysfunction.
3.16
3.16. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 16 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence.
3.17
3.17. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 17 Detrusor overactivity.
3.18
3.18. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 18 Vaginal tape erosion.
3.19
3.19. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 19 Groin/thigh pain.
3.20
3.20. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 20 Repeat incontinence surgery.
3.21
3.21. Analysis
Comparison 3 Obturator medial‐to‐lateral approach versus obturator lateral‐to‐medial approach, Outcome 21 QoL specific.
4.1
4.1. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 1 Subjective cure (short term, up to 1 year).
4.2
4.2. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 2 Subjective cure and improvement (short term, up to 1 year).
4.3
4.3. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 3 Subjective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
4.4
4.4. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 4 Objective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
4.5
4.5. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 5 Objective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
4.6
4.6. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 6 Operative time (minutes).
4.7
4.7. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 7 Operative blood loss (ml).
4.8
4.8. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 8 Length of hospital stay (days).
4.9
4.9. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 9 Perioperative complications.
4.10
4.10. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 10 Major vascular or visceral injury.
4.11
4.11. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 11 Bladder/urethral perforation.
4.12
4.12. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 12 Voiding dysfunction.
4.13
4.13. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 13 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence.
4.14
4.14. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 14 Vaginal tape erosion.
4.15
4.15. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 15 Bladder/urethral erosion.
4.16
4.16. Analysis
Comparison 4 One method of mid‐urethral tape insertion versus another method, same route, Outcome 16 Groin pain.
5.1
5.1. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 1 Subjective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
5.2
5.2. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 2 Subjective cure (medium term, 1 to 5 years).
5.3
5.3. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 3 Objective cure (short term, ≤ 1 year).
5.4
5.4. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 4 Operative time (minutes).
5.5
5.5. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 5 Length of hospital stay (days).
5.6
5.6. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 6 Perioperative complications.
5.7
5.7. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 7 Major vascular or visceral injury.
5.8
5.8. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 8 Bladder or urethral perforation.
5.9
5.9. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 9 Voiding dysfunction.
5.10
5.10. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 10 De novo urgency or urgency incontinence.
5.11
5.11. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 11 Detrusor overactivity.
5.12
5.12. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 12 Vaginal tape erosion.
5.13
5.13. Analysis
Comparison 5 One type of tape material versus another, Outcome 13 QoL specific (ICIQ).
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Update of

References

References to studies included in this review

Abdel‐Fattah 2010 {published data only}
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Familusi A, Ramsay I, Ayansina D, Mostafa A. Preoperative determinants for failure of transobturator tapes in the management of female urodynamic stress incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2010;110(1):18‐22. [ETOT; NCT00136071; srincont40971] - PubMed
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Aigmuller 2014 {published data only}
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    1. Tammaa A, Aigmueller T, Umek W, Hanzal E, Kropshofer S, Lang P, et al. Retropubic versus transobturator TVT: five‐year results of the Austrian trial (Abstract number: Oral Poster 18). Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 2014;21(2 Suppl 1):S21. [sr‐incont62148]
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Alkady 2009 {published data only}
    1. Alkady HM, Eid A. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus transobturator vaginal tape inside‐out for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Medical Journal of Cairo University 2009;77(4):317‐26. [sr‐incont50307]
Andonian 2005 {published data only}
    1. Andonian S, Chen T, Denis B, Corcos J. Randomized clinical trial comparing suprapubic arch sling (SPARC) and tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT): one‐year results. European Urology 2005;47(4):537‐41. [sr‐incont20378] - PubMed
    1. Andonian S, Chen TY, Corcos J. Randomized clinical trial comparing SPARC and TVT procedure for the treatment of SUI: preliminary report on peri‐operative and short term complications (Abstract). Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 203 Oct 5‐9, Florence, Italy. 2003:547‐8. [sr‐incont17163]
Andonian 2007 {published data only}
    1. Andonian S, St‐Denis B, Lemieux MC, Corcos J. Prospective clinical trial comparing Obtape and DUPS to TVT: one‐year safety and efficacy results. European Urology 2007;52(1):245–2. [sr‐incont23793] - PubMed
Aniuliene 2009 {published data only}
    1. Aniuliene R. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus tension‐free vaginal tape obturator (inside‐outside) in the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2009;45(8):639‐43. [sr‐incont34372] - PubMed
Araco 2008 {published data only}
    1. Araco F, Gravante G, Sorge R, Overton J, Vita D, Sesti F, et al. TVT‐O vs TVT: a randomized trial in patients with different degrees of urinary stress incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(7):917‐26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00192-007-0554-y; sr‐incont27794] - DOI - PubMed
    1. Araco F, Gravante G, Sorge R, Piccione E. TVT‐O vs. TVT: reply to comments by Burton et al [letter]. International Urogynecology Journal 2009;20:371‐2. [DOI 10.1007/s00192‐008‐0795‐4; sr‐incont27794]
    1. Burton C, Latthe P, Toozs‐Hobson P. Comments on Araco et al: TVT‐O vs TVT: a randomized trial in patients with different degrees of urinary stress incontinence [comment] [letter]. International Urogynecology Journal. 1920;20(3):369. [sr‐incont27794; srincont31410] - PubMed
Barber 2008 {published data only}
    1. Barber M, Kleeman S, Karram M, Paraiso MF, Walters M, Vasavada S, et al. A multi‐center randomized trial comparing the transobturator tape with tension‐free vaginal tape for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 113). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2007;26(5):742‐3. [sr‐incont23758]
    1. Barber MD, Kleeman S, Karram MM, Paraiso MF, Ellerkmann M, Vasavada S, et al. Risk factors associated with failure 1 year after retropubic or transobturator midurethral slings. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2008;199(6):666.e1‐7. [NCT00475839; srincont29239] - PubMed
    1. Barber MD, Kleeman S, Karram MM, Paraiso MF, Walters MD, Vasavada S, et al. Transobturator tape compared with tension‐free vaginal tape for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2008;111(3):611‐21. [NCT00475839; srincont26837] - PubMed
    1. Barber MD, Kleeman SD, Karram MM, Paraiso MF, Walters MD, Vasavada S, et al. A multi‐center randomized trial comparing the transobturator tape with tension‐free vaginal tape for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 9 Oral). Journal of Pelvic Medicine & Surgery 2007;13(5):234‐5. [srincont34199]
    1. Chen CC, Rooney CM, Paraiso MF, Kleeman SD, Walters MD, Karram MM, et al. Leak point pressure does not correlate with incontinence severity or bother in women undergoing surgery for urodynamic stress incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(9):1193‐8. [srincont27712] - PubMed
Barry 2008 {published data only}
    1. Barry C, Lim YN, Muller R, Hitchins S, Corstiaans A, Foote A, et al. A multi‐centre, randomised clinical control trial comparing the retropubic (RP) approach versus the transobturator approach (TO) for tension‐free, suburethral sling treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence: the TORP study. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(2):171–8. [sr‐incont26462] - PubMed
    1. Barry CL, Lim Y, Muller R, Greenland H, Hitchens S, Corstiaans A, et al. A multi‐centre, prospective, randomised trial comparing the retropubic (RP‐SUS) approach versus the transobturator approach (TO‐SUS) for tension free, suburethral sling treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence ‐ the TORP study (Abstract number 53). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2006;25(6):572‐3. [sr‐incont23754] - PubMed
But 2008 {published data only}
    1. But I, Faganelj M. Complications and short‐term results of two different transobturator techniques for surgical treatment of women with urinary incontinence: a randomized study. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(6):857‐61. [srincont27423] - PubMed
    1. But I, Zegura B, Pakiz M, Rakic S. Outside‐in vs inside‐out transobturator approach in women with stress and mixed urinary incontinence: a prospective, randomized, head‐to‐head comparison study (Abstract number 18). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S11‐2. [srincont27320]
Cervigni 2006 {published data only}
    1. Cervigni M, Natale F, Penna C, Agostini M, Antomarchi F, Lo Voi R, et al. Surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence associated with pelvic organ prolapse: trans‐obturator approach (MONARC) versus retropubic approach (TVT) (Abstract number 280). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S215. [srincont29660]
    1. Cervigni M, Natale F, Penna C, Agostini M, Antomarchi F, Lo Voi R, et al. Surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence associated with pelvic organ prolapse: trans‐obturator approach (MONARC) versus retropubic approach (TVT) (Abstract number 36). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2006;25(6):552. [sr‐incont23756]
Chen 2010 {published data only}
    1. Chen Z, Chen Y, Du GH, Yuan XY, Wu J, Zeng XY, et al. Comparison of three kinds of mid‐urethral slings for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Urologia (Treviso) 2010;77(1):37‐42. [srincont40354] - PubMed
Chen 2012 {published data only}
    1. Chen H‐X, Lv J‐W, Leng J, Li J‐Y, Bo J‐J, Huang Y‐R. Efficacy and complications of TVT procedure and TVT‐O procedure in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence [Chinese]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) 2012;32(4):412‐5. [srincont59712]
Cho 2010 {published data only}
    1. Cho ST, Lee ST, Kim K, Lee YG, Kim KK, Choi NG. A sequential comparison of postoperative voiding pattern and uroflowmetry between two transobturator midurethral tape procedures (Monarc (trademark) and TOT (trademark)) (Abstract number 750). Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS) and the International Urogynecological Association, 2010 Aug 23‐27, Toronto, Canada 2010. [srincont40199]
Choe 2013 {published data only}
    1. Choe JH, Lee HD, Park SH, Jo DG, Lee HS, Lee JS, et al. Comparison of postoperative pain after transobturator or retropubic suburethral sling for female stress urinary incontinence: a prospective randomized study (Abstract number MP17‐08). Journal of Endourology 2013;27(S1):A263. [srincont62161]
Darabi Mahboub 2012 {published data only}
    1. Darabi MR, Keshvari M, Sheikhi Z. Evaluation study between tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and transobturator tape (TOT) in treatment stress incontinence in female (Abstract number S88). European Urology Supplements 2013;12(4):e1196. [sr‐incont62158]
    1. Darabi Mahboub MR, Keshvari M, Sheikhi Z. Evaluation study between tension ‐ free vaginal tape (TVT) and transobturator tape (TOT) in treatment stress incontinence in female (Abstract number 788). Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the International Continence (ICS), 2012 Oct 15‐19, Beijing, China 2012. [srincont48402]
    1. Mahbob MRD. Evaluation study between Tension‐Free Vaginal Tape and Transobturator Tape in treatment stress incontinence in women. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (available at: http://www.irct.ir/searchresult.php?id=8228&number=4 ) 2009. [sr‐incont 62304]
    1. Mahboub MRD, Keshvari M, Sheikhi Z. Evaluation study between tension free vaginal tape and transobturator tape in treatment stress incontinence in female (Abstract number BR03‐09). Journal of Endourology 2011;25(Suppl 1):A12. [srincont62292]
David‐Montefiore 2006 {published data only}
    1. Ballester M, Bui C, Frobert JL, Grisard‐Anaf M, Lienhart J, Fernandez H, et al. Four‐year functional results of the suburethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence: a French prospective randomized multicentre study comparing the retropubic and transobturator routes. World Journal of Urology 2012;30(1):117‐22. [srincont44520] - PubMed
    1. Darai E, Frobert JL, Grisard‐Anaf M, Lienhart J, Fernandez H, Dubernard G, et al. Functional results after the suburethral sling procedure for urinary stress incontinence: a prospective randomized multicentre study comparing the retropubic and transobturator routes. European Urology 2007;51(3):795‐802. [srincont22550] - PubMed
    1. David‐Montefiore E, Frobert JL, Grisard‐Anaf M, Liehart J, Fernandez H, Dubernard G, et al. Functional results after suburethral sling procedure for urinary stress incontinence at 1 year: a French prospective randomised multicentre study comparing the retropubic and transobturator routes (Abstract number 063). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S95. [sr‐incont49146]
    1. David‐Montefiore E, Frobert JL, Grisard‐Anaf M, Lienhart J, Bonnet K, Poncelet C, et al. Peri‐operative complications and pain after the suburethral sling procedure for urinary stress incontinence: a French prospective randomised multicentre study comparing the retropubic and transobturator routes. European Urology 2006;49(1):133‐8. [srincont21623] - PubMed
Deffieux 2010 {published data only}
    1. Deffieux X, Daher N, Mansoor A, Debodinance P, Deval B, Salet‐Lizee D, et al. Tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and trans‐obturator suburethral tape from inside to outside (TVT‐O) for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a multicenter randomised controlled trial (Abstract number 33). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S19‐20. [NCT00135616; srincont27322]
    1. Deffieux X, Daher N, Mansoor A, Debodinance P, Muhlstein J, Fernandez H. Transobturator TVT‐O versus retropubic TVT: results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial at 24 months follow‐up. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(11):1337‐45. [NCT00135616; srincont40895; PUBMED: 20552165] - PubMed
    1. Deffieux X, Fernandez H. Female sexual function following trans‐obturator suburethral tape from inside to outside (TVT‐O) and tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT): a randomized controlled trial (Abstract number 70). Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 2009;16(6):S22. [NCT00135616; srincont40862]
    1. Trichot C, Salet‐Lizee D, Descamps P, Deval B, Hocke C, Fatton B, et al. [Functional results following transobturator and retropubic mid‐urethral sling] [French]. Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 2010;39(8):614‐23. [NCT00135616; srincont41067] - PubMed
de Leval 2011 {published data only}
    1. Thomas A, Waltregny D, Leval J. One year results of a prospective randomized trial comparing the original inside‐out transobturator (TVT‐O) procedure and a modified version using a shortened tape and reduced dissection for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 153). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2010;29(6):1023‐5. [ISRCTN65635093; srincont40146]
    1. Waltregny D. Clincial comparison between the original TVT‐O and a modified procedure (mini TVT‐O) for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a randomised clinical trial with 1‐year follow‐up. http://isrctn.org/ISRCTN65635093 2007. [sr‐incont62307]
    1. Waltregny D, Thomas A, Blockx C, Leval J. Three year results of a prospective randomized trial comparing the original inside‐out transobturator (TVT‐OTM) procedure with a modified version using a shortened tape and reduced dissection for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 254). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2012;31(6):1056‐7. [ISRCTN65635093; srincont46716]
    1. Waltregny D, Leval J. New surgical technique for treatment of stress urinary incontinence TVT‐ABBREVO from development to clinical experience. Surgical Technology International 2012;22:149‐57. [srincont49404] - PubMed
    1. Leval J, Thomas A, Waltregny D. The original versus a modified inside‐out transobturator procedure: 1‐year results of a prospective randomized trial. International Urogynecology Journal 2011;22(2):145‐56. [ISRCTN65635093; srincont40993] - PubMed
de Tayrac 2004 {published data only}
    1. Tayrac R, Deffieux X, Droupy S, Chauveaud‐Lambling A, Calvanese‐Benamour L, Fernandez H. A prospective randomized trial comparing tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator suburethral tape for surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(3):602‐8. [sr‐incont17259] - PubMed
    1. Tayrac R, Droupy S, Calvanese L, Fernandez H. A prospective randomized study comparing TVT and transobturator suburethral tape (T.O.T.) for the surgical treatment of stress incontinence (Abstract). Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 203 Oct 5‐9, Florence, Italy. 2003:266‐7. [sr‐incont17153]
Diab 2012 {published data only}
    1. Diab DE, Zayed AM, Allam MN, Maroof AM, Ibraheem E, El‐Sayed DE. A prospective randomized study comparing the safety and efficacy of transobturator tape (TOT) versus tension free vaginal tape (TVT) in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 177). European Urology Supplements 2012;11(1):e177. [srincont62249]
Elbadry 2014 {published data only}
    1. Elbadry M, Shaaban A, Gabre A. Adjustable versus ordinary trans‐obturator tape for female stress incontinence...is there a difference? A randomized trial (Abstract number MP75‐09). Journal of Urology 2014;191(4 Suppl 1):e876. [srincont62136]
El‐Hefnawy 2010 {published data only}
    1. El‐Hefnawy AS, Wadie BS, Mekresh M, Nabeeh A, Bazeed MA. TOT for treatment of stress urinary incontinence: how should we assess its equivalence with TVT?. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(8):947‐53. [srincont40077] - PubMed
    1. Wadie BS, Elhefnawy AS. TVT versus TOT, 2‐year prospective randomized study. World Journal of Urology 2013;31(3):645‐9. [srincont48133] - PubMed
Enzelsberger 2005 {published data only}
    1. Enzelsberger H, Schalupny J, Heider R, Mayer G. TVT versus TOT ‐ a prospective randomized study for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence at a follow‐up of 1 year [German]. Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 2005;65(5):506‐11. [srincont21007]
Freeman 2011 {published data only}
    1. Freeman R, Holmes D, Hillard T, Smith P, James M, Sultan A, et al. What patients think: patient‐reported outcomes of retropubic versus trans‐obturator mid‐urethral slings for urodynamic stress incontinence‐a multi‐centre randomised controlled trial. International Urogynecology Journal 2011;22(3):279‐86. [srincont41009] - PubMed
    1. Freeman R, Holmes D, Smith P, Hillard T, Yang Q, Agur W, et al. Is trans‐obturator tape (TOT) as effective as tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) in the treatment of women with urodynamic stress incontinence? Results of a multicentre RCT (Abstract number 3). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2008;27(7):573‐4. [srincont31849]
Hammoud 2011 {published data only}
    1. Hammoud K, Elsheikh M, Haitham M, Fayad A, Ghamrawy H, Aboumohamed A. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus transobturator vaginal tape in management of female stress urinary incontinence. Long‐term follow‐up: which to choose (Abstract number UP‐01.075). Urology 2011;78(3 Suppl 1):S209‐10. [srincont62233]
    1. Hammoud KM, Sheikh MG, Haitham M, Fayad AS, Ghamrawy HK, Mohamed AARA. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus trans‐obturator vaginal tape in the management of female stress urinary incontinence long term follow‐up: which to choose (Abstract number MP07‐01). Journal of Endourology 2012;26(Suppl 1):A59. [srincont62245]
Hassan 2013 {published data only}
    1. Hassan S, Aly H. Randomised Comparative study between inside‐out transobturator tape and outside‐in transobturator tape for urodynamic stress incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2013;32(6):777. [srincont49205]
Houwert 2009 {published data only}
    1. Houwert M, Vos MC, Vervest HAM. Transobturator tape (TOT), inside‐out versus outside‐in approaches: outcome after 1 year (Abstract number 56). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S33. [srincont27326]
    1. Houwert RM, Renes‐Zijl C, Vos MC, Vervest HA. TVT‐O versus Monarc after a 2‐4‐year follow‐up: a prospective comparative study. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2009;20(11):1327‐33. [sr‐incont50308; PUBMED: 19597718] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Vervest H, Bruin JP, Renes‐Zeijl CC. Transobturator tape (TOT), inside‐out or outside‐in approaches: does it matter? (Abstract number 167). International Urogynecology Journal 2005;16(2 Suppl):S69‐70. [sr‐incont27406]
Jakimiuk 2012 {published data only}
    1. Jakimiuk AJ, Issat T, Fritz‐Rdzanek A, Maciejewski T, Rogowski A, Baranowski W. Is there any difference? A prospective, multicenter, randomized,single blinded clinical trial, comparing TVT with TVT‐O (POLTOS study) in management of stress urinary incontinence. Short‐term outcomes. Pelviperineology 2012;31:5‐9. [sr‐incont50305]
    1. Jakimiuk AJJ, Maciejewski TM, Fritz AF, Baranowski WB, Wladysiuk‐Blicharz MWB. Single‐blind randomized clinical trial comparing efficacy and safety of TVT (tension free vaginal tape) vs TVT‐O (tension free vaginal tape obturator system) in treatment of stress urinary incontinence (POLTOS) preliminary report (Abstract number 348). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S189. [srincont27324]
Juang 2007 {published data only}
    1. Juang CM, Yu KJ, Chou P, Yen MS, Twu NF, Horng HC, et al. Efficacy analysis of trans‐obturator tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT‐O) plus modified Ingelman‐Sundberg procedure versus TVT‐O alone in the treatment of mixed urinary incontinence: a randomized study. European Urology 2007;51(6):1671‐9. [srincont23260] - PubMed
Kamel 2009 {published data only}
    1. Kamel A. A comparison between TVT & TVTO as regards safety. An African experience (Abstract number 830). Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2009 Sep 29 ‐ Oct 3, San Francisco, CA 2009. [srincont35630]
Karateke 2009 {published data only}
    1. Karateke A, Haliloglu B, Cam C, Sakalli M. Comparison of TVT and TVT‐O in patients with stress urinary incontinence: short‐term cure rates and factors influencing the outcome. A prospective randomised study. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2009;49(1):99‐105. [srincont31429] - PubMed
Kilic 2007 {published data only}
    1. Kilic G, Olgun G, Bilen MA, Orhan A, Dunn B. [The comparison of TVT (tension free vaginal tape) and TOT (trans‐obturator vaginal tape) in the treatment of the urinary incontinence and literature search]. Jinekoloji Ve Obstetrik Dergisi 2007;21(1):26‐31. [srincont28036]
Kim 2004 {published data only}
    1. Kim J, Baek U, Kwon S, Jung H, Moon K, Park T, et al. The efficacy of Iris procedure in stress urinary incontinence: comparison with TVT and SPARC (Abstract). Proceedings of the International Continence Society (34th Annual Meeting) and the International Urogynecological Association, Joint Meeting, 23‐27 Aug, 2004, Paris. 2004:Abstract number 313. [srincont19058]
Kim 2005 {published data only}
    1. Kim Y‐W, Na Y‐G, Sul C‐K. [Randomized prospective study between pubovaginal sling using SPARC sling system and MONARC sling system for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: short term results]. Korean Journal of Urology 2005;46(10):1078‐82. [srincont22116]
    1. Na YG, Rob AS, Youk SM, Kim YW, Kim HS, Sul CK, et al. A prospective multicentre randomized study comparing transvaginal tapes (SPARC sling system) and transobturator suburethral tapes (Monarc sling system) for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 49). European Urology Supplements 2005;4(3):15. [srincont26609]
Krofta 2010 {published data only}
    1. Krofta L, Feyereisl J, Otcenasek M, Kasikova E, Pan M. [Tension free vaginal tape and transobturator suburethral tape for surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence] [Czech]. Ceska Gynekologie 2008;73(4):231‐9. [sr‐incont27504] - PubMed
    1. Krofta L, Feyereisl J, Otcenasek M, Velebil P, Kasikova E, Krcmar M. TVT and TVT‐O for surgical treatment of primary stress urinary incontinence: prospective randomized trial. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(2):141‐8. [sr‐incont39511] - PubMed
Laurikainen 2007 {published data only}
    1. Brubaker L, Brincat C, Mueller E. Are we satisfied? Perspective on five‐year outcomes of midurethral slings [editorial]. European Urology 2014;65(6):1115‐6. [sr‐incont67651; PUBMED: 24568893] - PubMed
    1. Laurikainen E, Takala T, Aukee P, Kivela A, Rinne K, Valpas A, et al. Retropubic TVT compared with transobturator TVT (TVT‐O) in treatment of stress urinary incontinence: five‐year results of a randomized trial (Abstract number 2). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30(6):803‐5. [NCT00379314; srincont42162]
    1. Laurikainen E, Valpas A, Aukee P, Kivela A, Rinne K, Takala T, et al. Five‐year results of a randomized trial comparing retropubic and transobturator midurethral slings for stress incontinence. European Urology 2014;65(6):1109‐14. [sr‐incont60594; PUBMED: 24508070] - PubMed
    1. Laurikainen E, Valpas A, Kiilholma P, Takala T, Kivela A, Aukee P, et al. A prospective randomised trial comparing TVT and TVT‐O procedures for the treatment of SUI: immediate outcome and complications (Abstract no 077). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S104‐5. [sr‐incont49149]
    1. Laurikainen E, Valpas A, Kivela A, Kalliola T, Rinne K, Takala T, et al. Retropubic compared with transobturator tape placement in treatment of urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007;109(1):4‐11. [sr‐incont22553] - PubMed
Leanza 2009 {published data only}
    1. Leanza V, Dati S, Gasbarro N. A multicenter randomized trial of prepubic and retropubic Leanza‐Gasbarro‐Caschetto tension‐free procedures (Abstract number 001). International Urogynaecology Journal 2009;20(Suppl 2):S73. [srincont39881]
    1. Leanza V, Dati S, Gasbarro N, Leanza G. Retropubic versus transobturator tension free procedures: a comparative study (Abstract number 7). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30(S1):6‐7. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.21134; sr‐incont50306] - DOI
Lee 2007 {published data only}
    1. Lee KS, Han DH, Choi YS, Yum SH, Song SH, Doo CK, et al. A prospective trial comparing tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator vaginal tape inside‐out for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: 1‐year follow up. Journal of Urology 2007;177(1):214‐8. [sr‐incont28039] - PubMed
    1. Ryu KH, Shin JS, Du JK, Choo MS, Lee KS. Randomized trial of tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) vs. tension‐free vaginal tape obturator (TVT‐O) in the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence: comparison of operation related morbidity (Abstract number 50). European Urology Supplements 2005;4(3):15. [srincont26610]
Lee 2008 {published data only}
    1. Lee K‐S, Choo M‐S, Lee YS, Han J‐Y, Kim J‐Y, Jung BJ, et al. Prospective comparison of the ‘inside–out’ and ‘outside–in’ transobturator tape procedures for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal Including Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2008;19(4):577‐82. [sr‐incont34482] - PubMed
Liapis 2006 {published data only}
    1. Liapis A, Bakas P, Giner M, Creatsas G. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus tension‐free vaginal tape obturator in women with stress urinary incontinence. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 2006;62(3):160‐4. [srincont22245] - PubMed
Liapis 2008 {published data only}
    1. Liapis A, Bakas P, Creatsas G. Monarc vs TVT‐O for the treatment of primary stress incontinence: a randomised study. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19:185‐90. [sr‐incont26461] - PubMed
Lim 2005 {published data only}
    1. Balakrishnan S, Lim YK, Barry C, Corstiaans A, Kannan K, Rane A. Sling distress: a subanalysis of the IVS tapes from the SUSPEND trial. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2007;47(6):496‐8. [sr‐incont26475] - PubMed
    1. Lim YN, Muller R, Corstiaans A, Dietz HP, Barry C, Rane A. Suburethral slingplasty evaluation study in North Queensland, Australia: the SUSPEND trial. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2005;45(1):52‐9. [srincont20403] - PubMed
    1. Lim YN, Rane A, Barry C, Corstiaans A, Dietz HP, Muller R. The suburethral slingplasty evaluation study in North Queensland (SUSPEND): a randomized controlled trial (Abstract). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2004;23(5/6):495‐6. [srincont19012]
Lord 2006 {published data only}
    1. Lord HE, Taylor JD, Finn JC, Tsokos N, Jeffery JT, Atherton MJ, et al. A randomized controlled equivalence trial of short‐term complications and efficacy of tension‐free vaginal tape and suprapubic urethral support sling for treating stress incontinence. BJU International 2006;98(2):367‐76. [srincont22369] - PubMed
Mansoor 2003 {published data only}
    1. Mansoor A, Vedrine N, Darcq C. Surgery of female urinary incontinence using transobturator tape (TOT): a prospective randomised comparative study with TVT (Abstract). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2003;22(5):488‐9. [sr‐incont17107]
Mehdiyev 2010 {published data only}
    1. Mehdiyev M, Itil IM, Sendag F, Akdemir A, Askar N. Comparing the transvaginal tape (TVT) and transobturator tape (TOT) in stress urinary incontinance for their efficiency and their effects on quality of life. Turk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Dernegi Dergisi 2010;7(2):117‐24. [srincont62297]
Meschia 2006 {published data only}
    1. Meschia M, Pifarotti P, Bernasconi F, Magatti F, Vigano R. Multicenter randomized trial of TVT and IVS for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women (Abstract). Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting International Continence Society (ICS), 2003 Oct 5‐9, Florence. 2003:318‐9. [sr‐incont16339]
    1. Meschia M, Pifarotti P, Bernasconi F, Magatti F, Vigano R, Bertozzi R, et al. Tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and intravaginal slingplasty (IVS) for stress urinary incontinence: a multicenter randomized trial. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006;195(5):1338‐42. [sr‐incont22268] - PubMed
    1. Pifarotti P, Meschia M, Gattei U, Bernasconi F, Magatti F, Vigano R. Multicenter randomized trial of tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and intravaginal slingplasty (IVS) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women (Abstract). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2004;23(5/6):494‐5. [sr‐incont19011]
Meschia 2007 {published data only}
    1. Meschia M, Bertozzi R, Pifarotti P, Baccichet R, Bernasconi F, Guercio E, et al. Peri‐operative morbidity and early results of a randomised trial comparing TVT and TVT‐O. International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(11):1257‐61. [srincont23958] - PubMed
    1. Meschia M, Pifarotti P, Baccichet R, Bernasconi F, Cortese P, Magatti F, et al. A multicenter randomized comparison of tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and trans‐obturator in‐out technique (TVT‐O) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: one year results (Abstract number 3). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S2. [srincont27318]
    1. Meschia M, Pifarotti P, Bernasconi F, Baccichet R, Magatti F, Cortese P, et al. A multicentre randomised comparison of tension free vaginal tape (TVT) and transobturator in‐out technique (TVT‐O) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 059). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S92‐S93. [sr‐incont49147]
    1. Minassian VA, Parekh M, Langroudi MH. Comment on Meschia et al: peri‐operative morbidity and early results of a randomised trial comparing TVT and TVT‐O [comment]. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(12):1725. [srincont31222] - PubMed
Naumann 2006 {published data only}
    1. Naumann G, Lobodasch K, Bettin S, Meyer P, Koelbl H. Tension free vaginal tape (TVT) vs less invasive free tape (LIFT) ‐ a randomized multicentric study of suburethral sling surgery (Abstract number 062). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S94‐5. [sr‐incont49145]
    1. Naumann G, Lobodasch K, Bettin S, Meyer P, Koelbl H. Tension free vaginal tape (TVTTM) vs less invasive free tape (LIFTTM) ‐ a randomized multicentre study of suburethral sling surgery (Abstract number 481). Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2006 Nov 27‐Dec 1, Christchurch, New Zealand. 2006. [sr‐incont23752]
Nerli 2009 {published data only}
    1. Nerli RB, Kumar AG, Koura A, Prabha V, Alur SB. Transobturator vaginal tape in comparison to tension‐free vaginal tape: a prospective trial with a minimum 12 months follow‐up. Indian Journal of Urology 2009;25(3):321‐5. [srincont40242] - PMC - PubMed
Nyyssonen 2014 {published data only}
    1. Nyyssonen V, Talvensaari‐Mattila A, Santala M. A prospective randomized trial comparing tension‐free vaginal tape versus transobturator tape in patients with stress or mixed urinary incontinence: subjective cure rate and satisfaction in median follow‐up of 46 months. Scandinavian Journal of Urology 2014;48(3):309‐15. [sr‐incont62072; PUBMED: 24286482] - PubMed
Okulu 2013 {published data only}
    1. Okulu E. Synthetic mesh materials in sling surgery. www.ClinicalTrials.gov (accessed 19 December 2011) 2011. [NCT01348334; srincont42756]
    1. Okulu E, Kayigil O, Aldemir M, Onen E. Use of three types of synthetic mesh material in sling surgery: a prospective randomized clinical trial evaluating effectiveness and complications. Scandinavian Journal of Urology 2013;47(3):217‐24. [sr‐incont48505; PUBMED: 23095128] - PubMed
Oliveira 2006 {published data only}
    1. Oliveira L, Sartori M, Castro R, Fonseca E, Rodrigues A, Girao M. A prospective randomized study to compare TVT, TVT‐O and pre‐pubic TVT for the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence, with or without intrinsic sphincter deficiency (Abstract number 208). International Urogynecology Journal 2008; Vol. 19, issue Suppl 2:S173‐4. [srincont31051]
    1. Oliveira LM, Girao MJBC, Sartori MGF, Castro RA, Fonseca ESM. Comparison of retro‐pubic TVT, pre‐pubic TVT and TVT transobturator in surgical treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 203). International Urogynecology Journal 2005;16(Suppl 2):S80. [srincont27307]
    1. Oliveira LM, Girao MJBC, Sartori MGF, Castro RA, Fonseca ESM, Prior EL. Comparison of retro pubic TVT, pre pubic TVT and TVT transobturator in surgical treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 354). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S253. [srincont27309]
    1. Oliveira LM, Girao MJBC, Sartori MGF, Castro RA, Fonseca ESM. Comparison of retro‐pubic TVT, pre‐pubic TVT and TVT transobturator in surgical treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 328). International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(Suppl 1):S180. [srincont27310]
Palomba 2008 {published data only}
    1. Palomba S, Zullo F. A Comparison in Terms of Efficacy and Safety Between Transobturator and Transvaginal Tape Performed at the Same Time of Anterior Defect Correction With Mesh. http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00743535 2008. [NCT00743535; srincont49348]
Paparella 2010 {published data only}
    1. Paparella R, Marturano M, Pelino L, Scarpa A, Scambia G, Torre G, et al. Prospective randomized trial comparing synthetic vs biological out‐in transobturator tape: a mean 3‐year follow‐up study. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(11):1327‐36. [srincont40360] - PubMed
    1. Riva D, Baccichet R, Paparella L, Cianci A, Simonazzi M, Pisapia Cioffi G. Synthetic versus biological trans‐obturator sling for stress urinary incontinence: a randomized study (Abstract number 1). International Urogynecology Journal 2008; Vol. 19, issue Suppl 2:S1. [srincont31054]
Park 2012 {published data only}
    1. Kim D, Jang HC. Randomized control study of Monarc (trademark) vs. tension‐free vaginal tape obturator (TVT‐O) (trademark) in the treatment of female urinary incontinence in: comparison of medium term cure rate (Abstract number: 219). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2010;29(6):1123‐4. [srincont40160]
    1. Park YJ, Kim DY. Randomized controlled study of MONARC [Registered trademark] vs. tension‐free vaginal tape obturator (TVT‐O [Registered trademark]) in the treatment of female urinary incontinence: comparison of 3‐year cure rates. Korean Journal of Urology 2012;53(4):258‐62. [srincont44720] - PMC - PubMed
Peattie 2006 {published data only}
    1. Peattie A. Randomised controlled trial of transvaginal tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator (TVT‐O) versus Monarc in treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence. ISRCTN (http://isrctn.org/ISRCTN71562338) 2006. [ISRCTN71562338; sr‐incont62312]
Porena 2007 {published data only}
    1. Costantini E, Kocjancic E, Saccomanni M, Giannantoni A, Porena M, Frea B. Tension free vaginal tape vs trans obturator tape as surgery for stress urinary incontinence: results of a multicenter randomised trial (Abstract number 54). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2006;25(6):573‐5. [sr‐incont23753]
    1. Costantini E, Lazzeri M, Giannantoni A, Bini V, Kocjancic E, Porena M, et al. Retropubic versus transobturator mid‐urethral slings: in a randomised controlled trial preoperative VLPP may not predict mid‐term outcome (Abstract number 112). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2007;26(5):741‐2. [sr‐incont23757]
    1. Costantini E, Lazzeri M, Giannantoni A, Bini V, Vianello A, Kocjancic E, et al. Preoperative Valsava leak point pressure may not predict outcome of mid‐urethral slings. Analysis from a randomized controlled trial of retropubic versus transobturator mid‐urethral slings. International Braz J Urol 2008;34(1):73‐81; discussion 81‐3. [srincont27817] - PubMed
    1. Costantini E, Lazzeri M, Kocjancic E, Biase M, Salvini E, Porena M. Prolonged follow‐up shows continence deterioration after trans‐obturator tape: results from a randomised controlled study. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2013;32(6):525‐6. [sr‐incont49187]
    1. Costantini E, Lazzeri M, Zucchi A, Bruno R, Salvini E, Pietropaolo A, et al. Deterioration of continence after TOT when the follow‐up is extended: results from a randomised controlled study (Abstract number 729). European Urology Supplements 2013;12(1):e729. [sr‐incont62144]
Rechberger 2003 {published data only}
    1. Rechberger T, Rzezniczuk K, Skorupski P, Adamiak A, Tomaszewski J, Baranowski W, et al. A randomized comparison between monofilament and multifilament tapes for stress incontinence surgery. International Urogynecology Journal 2003;14(6):432‐6. [sr‐incont16673] - PubMed
Rechberger 2009 {published data only}
    1. Rechberger T, Adamiak A, Jankiewicz K, Futyma K, Skorupski P. The comparison of clinical effectiveness of retropubic (IVS 02) and transobturator (IVS04) midurethral slings (Abstract number 076). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S104. [sr‐incont49148]
    1. Rechberger T, Futyma K, Jankiewicz K, Adamiak A, Bogusiewicz M, Skorupski P. Body mass index does not influence the outcome of anti‐incontinence surgery among women whereas menopausal status and ageing do: a randomised trial. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(7):801‐6. [srincont40095] - PubMed
    1. Rechberger T, Futyma K, Jankiewicz K, Adamiak A, Skorupski P. The clinical effectiveness of retropubic (IVS‐02) and transobturator (IVS‐04) midurethral slings: randomized trial. European Urology 2009; Vol. 56, issue 1:24‐30. [srincont35437] - PubMed
    1. Rechberger T, Jankiewicz K, Futyma K, Adamiak A, Skorupski P. Clinical effectiveness of retropubic (IVS‐02) and transobturator (IVS‐04) slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence ‐ a semi‐randomized trial on 398 patients (Abstract number 515). Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2008 Oct 20‐24, Cairo, Egypt 2008. [srincont31877]
    1. Rechberger T, Jankiewicz K, Skorupski P, Adamiak A, Futyma K, Gogacz M, et al. Transobturator vs retropubic vaginal tape for female stress urinary incontinence: one year follow‐up in 296 patients (Abstract number 288). Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2007 Aug 20‐24, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 2007. [sr‐incont23763]
Rechberger 2011 {published data only}
    1. Rechberger T, Futyma K, Jankiewicz K, Adamiak A, Bogusiewicz M, Bartuzi A, et al. Tape fixation: an important surgical step to improve success rate of anti‐incontinence surgery. Journal of Urology 2011;186(1):180‐4. [srincont41735] - PubMed
Richter 2010 {published data only}
    1. Brubaker L, Norton PA, Albo ME, Chai TC, Dandreo KJ, Lloyd KL, et al. Adverse events over two years after retropubic or transobturator midurethral sling surgery: findings from the Trial of Midurethral Slings (TOMUS) study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011;205(5):498.e1‐6. [NCT00325039; TOMUS; srincont43397] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Brubaker L, Rickey L, Stoddard A, Lemack G, Xu Y, Ghetti C, et al. Symptoms of combined prolapse and urinary incontinence in large surgical cohorts (Abstract 020). International Urogynaecology Journal 2009;20(Suppl 2):S96‐7. [NCT00064662; srincont39882] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chai TC, Huang L, Kenton K, Richter HE, Baker J, Kraus S, et al. Association of baseline urodynamic measures of urethral function with clinical, demographic, and other urodynamic variables in women prior to undergoing midurethral sling surgery. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2012;31(4):496‐501. [NCT00325039; TOMUS; srincont49292] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chai TC, Kenton K, Xu Y, Sirls L, Zyczynski H, Wilson TS, et al. Effects of concomitant surgeries during midurethral slings (MUS) on postoperative complications, voiding dysfunction, continence outcomes, and urodynamic variables. Urology 2012;79(6):1256‐61. [NCT00325039; srincont44637] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gormley A. TOMUS‐Trial Of Mid‐Urethral Slings [results posted online] (Trials registry number: NCT00325039). ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00325039) 2006. [NCT00325039; TOMUS; srincont49293]
Riva 2006 {published data only}
    1. Riva D, Sacca V, Tonta A, Casolati E, Luerti M, Banfi G, et al. TVT versus TOT a randomised study at 1 year follow up (Abstract number 060). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S93. [sr‐incont49150]
Salem 2014 {published data only}
    1. Salem H, Mostafa M, Diab DE, Abdulla A, Nageeb M, Hashem SA. A prospective randomized study comparing the safety and efficacy of transobturator tape (TOT) versus tension free vaginal tape (TVT) in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number MP33‐13). Journal of Urology 2014;191(4 Suppl 1):e342‐3. [srincont62143]
Scheiner 2012 {published data only}
    1. Scheiner D, Betschart C, Kollbrunner S, Werder H, Fink D, Perucchini D. Retropubic or transobturator out‐in or in‐out sling? A prospective randomized study! (Abstract number 484). Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2008 Oct 20‐24, Cairo, Egypt 2008. [NCT00642109; srincont31874]
    1. Scheiner D, Betschart C, Werder H, Fink D, Perucchini D. Retropubic TVT vs transobturator outside‐in TOT and inside‐out TVT‐O one‐year results from our prospective randomized study (Abstract number 4). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2009;28(7):585‐6. [NCT00642109; srincont34588]
    1. Scheiner DA, Betschart C, Wiederkehr S, Seifert B, Fink D, Perucchini D. Twelve months effect on voiding function of retropubic compared with outside‐in and inside‐out transobturator midurethral slings. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23(2):197‐206. [srincont44532] - PubMed
Schierlitz 2008 {published data only}
    1. Souza A, Dwyer PL, Rosamilia A, Hiscock R, Lim YN, Murray C, et al. Sexual function following retropubic TVT and transobturator Monarc sling in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency: a multicentre prospective study. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23(2):153‐8. [srincont44534] - PubMed
    1. Souza A, Schierlitz L, Rosamilia A, Dwyer P, Murray C, Thomas E, et al. Sexual function following retropubic TVT and transobturator Monarc sling in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (Abstract). Australian and New Zealand Continence Journal 2008;14(4):104. [srincont29144] - PubMed
    1. Murray C, Schierlitz L, Dwyer PL, Rosamilia A, Hiscock R, Souza A, et al. Overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms following retropubic TVT and Monarc TOT in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) and stress incontinence (Abstract). Australian and New Zealand Continence Journal 2008;14(4):102. [srincont29145]
    1. Plotti F, Calcagno M, Sansone M, Panici PB. Effectiveness of tension‐free vaginal tape compared with transobturator tape in women with stress urinary incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency: a randomized controlled trial [comment] [letter]. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2009;113(6):1368; author reply 1368‐9. [srincont31355] - PubMed
    1. Schierlitz L, Dwyer P, Rosamilia A, Murray C, Thomas E, Fitzgerald E, et al. A randomized controlled study to compare tension free vaginal tape (TVT) and Monarc trans‐obturator tape in the treatment of women with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) and intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD): the three year follow up (Abstract number 1). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2010;29(6):805‐6. [srincont40112]
Tanuri 2010 {published data only}
    1. Tanuri AL, Feldner PC Jr, Bella ZI, Castro RA, Sartori MG, Girao MJ. [Retropubic and transobturator sling in treatment of stress urinary incontinence.] [Portuguese]. Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira 2010;56(3):348‐54. [srincont40054] - PubMed
Tarcan 2011 {published data only}
    1. Tarcan T, Mangir N, Tanidir Y, Top T, IIker Y. A randomised study comparing transvaginal and transobturator mid‐urethral sling surgeries in women with stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 845). Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2011 Aug 29‐Sept 2, Glasgow, Scotland 2011. [srincont42237]
    1. Tarcan T, Sahan A, Sulukaya M, Mangir N, Ilker Y. 2‐year results of a randomized study comparing retropubic and transobturator mid‐urethral slings in the treatment of urodynamic female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 448). Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2013 Aug 26‐30, Barcelona, Spain. 2013. [srincont60034]
Teo 2011 {published data only}
    1. Mayne C. Randomised trial of tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator tape as treatment for urinary stress incontinence in women. ISRCTN (http://isrctn.org/ISRCTN34377436) 2004. [sr‐incont62313]
    1. Teo R, Moran P, Mayne C, Tincello D. Randomised trial of TVT and TVT‐O for the treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence in women (Abstract number 2). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2008;27(7):572‐3. [srincont31848]
    1. Teo R, Moran P, Mayne C, Tincello D. Randomised trial of tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator tape for the treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence in women (Abstract number 283). Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2007 Aug 20‐24, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 2007. [srincont23761]
    1. Teo R, Moran P, Mayne C, Tincello D. Randomized trial of tension‐free vaginal tape and tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator for urodynamic stress incontinence in women. Journal of Urology 2011;185(4):1350‐5. [srincont41497] - PubMed
Tommaselli 2012 {published data only}
    1. Tommaselli GA, D'Afiero A, Di CC, Formisano C, Fabozzi A, Nappi C. Efficacy of a modified technique for TVT‐O positioning: a 12 month, randomized, single‐blind, multicentre, non inferiority study. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology 2013;167(2):225‐9. [sr‐incont47602] - PubMed
    1. Tommaselli GA, D'Afiero A, Carlo C, Formisano C, Fabozzi A, Nappi C. Effect of a modified surgical technique for the positioning of TVT‐O on post‐operative pain (Abstract number 110). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2011;22(Suppl 1):S110. [sr‐incont62263]
    1. Tommaselli GA, Formisano C, Carlo C, Fabozzi A, Nappi C. Effects of a modified technique for TVT‐O positioning on postoperative pain: single‐blind randomized study. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23(9):1293‐9. [srincont45107] - PubMed
Tseng 2005 {published data only}
    1. Tseng LH, Wang AC, Lin YH, Li SJ, Ko YJ. Randomized comparison of the suprapubic arc sling procedure vs tension‐free vaginal taping for stress incontinent women. International Urogynecology Journal 2005;16(3):230‐5. [srincont20354] - PubMed
Ugurlucan 2013 {published data only}
    1. Ugurlucan FG, Erkan HA, Onal M, Yalcin O. Randomized trial of graft materials in transobturator tape operation: biological versus synthetic. International Urogynecology Journal 2013;24(8):1315‐23. [sr‐incont48489; PUBMED: 23184140] - PubMed
van Leijsen 2013 {published data only}
    1. Mengerink BB. The impact of midurethral sling operation on sexual function in women with stress urinary incontinence, a multicenter prospective study (Abstract number 193). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2013;24(1 Suppl):S147. [sr‐incont62175]
    1. Leijsen SA, Kluivers KB, Mol BW, Hout Ji, Milani AL, Roovers JP, et al. Value of urodynamics before stress urinary incontinence surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013;121(5):999‐1008. [sr‐incont47434; PUBMED: 23635736] - PubMed
    1. Leijsen SA, Kluivers KB, Mol BWJ, Broekhuis SR, Milani FL, Vaart CHvan D, et al. Protocol for the value of urodynamics prior to stress incontinence surgery (VUSIS) study: a multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the cost effectiveness of urodynamics in women with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence in whom surgical treatment is considered. BMC Women's Health 2009;9:22. [sr‐incont32078; PUBMED: 19622153] - PMC - PubMed
Wang 2006 {published data only}
    1. Wang AC, Lin YH, Tseng LH, Chih SY, Lee CJ. Prospective randomized comparison of transobturator suburethral sling (Monarc) vs suprapubic arc (Sparc) sling procedures for female urodynamic stress incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(5):439‐43. [srincont22217] - PubMed
Wang 2008 {published data only}
    1. Wang WY, Zhu L, Lang JH, Sun ZJ, Hai N. [Clinical study on tension‐free vaginal tape and tension‐free vaginal tape obturator for surgical treatment of severe stress urinary incontinence] [Chinese]. Chung‐Hua Fu Chan Ko Tsa Chih [Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology] 2008;43(3):180‐4. [srincont27746] - PubMed
Wang 2009 {published data only}
    1. Wang W, Zhu L, Lang J. Transobturator tape procedure versus tension‐free vaginal tape for treatment of stress urinary incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2009;104(2):113‐6. [srincont29200] - PubMed
    1. Wang WY, Zhu L, Lang JH, Li B. [A prospective randomized trial of comparing the clinical outcome of tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator tape for stress urinary incontinence] [Chinese]. Chung‐Hua i Hsueh Tsa Chih [Chinese Medical Journal] 2011;91(13):898‐901. [srincont41799] - PubMed
    1. Zhu I, Lang J. A prospective randomised trial comparing tension free vaginal tape and transobturator suburethral tape for surgical treatment of slight and moderate stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 461). International Urogynecology Journal 2006;17(Suppl 2):S307. [sr‐incont49151]
    1. Zhu I, Lang J, Chen R, Hai N, Wong F. Comparing TVT and TVT‐O sub urethral tape for treatment patients with mild and moderate stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 364). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2007;18(Suppl 1):S198. [srincont27325]
    1. Zhu L, Lang J, Hai N, Wong F. Comparing vaginal tape and transobturator tape for the treatment of mild and moderate stress incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2007;99(1):14‐7. [srincont23870] - PubMed
Wang 2010 {published data only}
    1. Wang F, Song Y, Huang H. Prospective randomized trial of TVT and TOT as primary treatment for female stress urinary incontinence with or without pelvic organ prolapse in Southeast China. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2010; Vol. 281, issue 2:279‐86. [srincont35408] - PubMed
Wang 2011 {published data only}
    1. Wang YJ, Li FP, Wang Q, Yang S, Cai XG, Chen YH. Comparison of three mid‐urethral tension‐free tapes (TVT, TVT‐O, and TVT‐Secur) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: 1‐year follow‐up. International Urogynecology Journal 2011;22(11):1369‐74. [srincont42639] - PubMed
Zhang 2011 {published data only}
    1. Zhang Y, Jiang M, Tong XW, Fan BZ, Li HF, Chen XL. The comparison of an inexpensive‐modified transobturator vaginal tape versus TVT‐O procedure for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 2011;50(3):318‐21. [srincont42665] - PubMed
Zullo 2007 {published data only}
    1. Angioli R, Plotti F, Muzii L, Montera R, Panici PB, Zullo MA. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus transobturator suburethral tape: five‐year follow‐up results of a prospective, randomised trial. European Urology 2010;58(5):671‐7. [srincont41500] - PubMed
    1. Zullo MA, Plotti F, Calcagno M, Marullo E, Palaia I, Bellati F, et al. One‐year follow‐up of tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and trans‐obturator suburethral tape from inside to outside (TVT‐O) for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a prospective randomised trial. European Urology 2007;51(5):1376‐82; discussion 1383‐4. [srincont23246] - PubMed

References to studies excluded from this review

Al‐Tayyem 2007 {published data only}
    1. Al‐Tayyem A, Benness C, Korda A, Farnsworth B, Burton G. TVT vs TVT‐O: a study comparing early complications (Abstract number 062). International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(Suppl 1):S37. [27330]
Amat 2007 {published data only}
    1. Amat LL, Martinez F, Hernandez S, Vela M. Needleless: a new technique for the correction of urinary incontinence. Randomised controlled trial compared with TVT‐O. Preliminary results (Abstract number 225). International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(Suppl 1):S128.
Ballert 2010 {published data only}
    1. Ballert KN, Rose AE, Biggs GY, Rosenblum N, Nitti VW. Outcomes of patients lost to followup after mid urethral synthetic slings‐‐successes or failures?. The Journal of Urology 2010;183(4):1455‐8. [PUBMED: 20171698] - PubMed
Bekker 2009 {published data only}
    1. Bekker M, Beck J, Putter H, Venema P, Nijeholt A, Pelger R, et al. Sexual function improvement following surgery for stress incontinence: the relevance of coital incontinence. Journal of Sexual Medicine 2009;6(11):3208‐13. - PubMed
Borrell 2005 {published data only}
    1. Borrell PA, Chicote FP, Beltran MJF, Queipo ZJA, Esteve Claramunt J, Pastor Sempere F. Comparison of different suburethral slings for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Actas Urologicas Espaňolas 2005;29:757‐63. - PubMed
Bracken 2012 {published data only}
    1. Bracken JN, Huffaker RK, Yandell PM, Handcock T, Higgins EW, Kuehl TJ, et al. A randomized comparison of bupivacaine versus saline during placement of tension‐free vaginal tape. Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery 2012;18(2):93‐6. [PUBMED: 22453319] - PubMed
    1. Huffaker RK, Bracken JN, Yandell PM, Handcock T, Higgins EW, Kuehl TJ, et al. A randomised, double‐blind comparison of bupivacaine containing saline with saline only hydrodissection on voiding function and pain control in the postoperative interval following placement of tension‐free vaginal tape (Abstract number 854). Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2011 Aug 29‐Sept 2, Glasgow, Scotland. 2011. [Sricont42239]
Bruschini 2005 {published data only}
    1. Bruschini H, Nunes R, Truzzi JC, Simonetti R, Cury J, Otiz V, et al. Low cost polypropylene sling procedure for correction of stress urinary incontinence: a possible solution for developing countries? (Abstract number 360). Proceedings of the International Continence Society (ICS), 35th Annual Meeting, 2005 Aug 28‐Sep 2, Montreal, Canada. 2005. [Srincont21055]
Chen 2008 {published data only}
    1. Chen HY, Ho M, Hung YC, Huang LC. Analysis of risk factors associated with vaginal erosion after synthetic sling procedures for stress urinary incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(1):117‐21. [srincont27217] - PubMed
Chen 2011 {published data only}
    1. Chen X, Jiang M, Tong X, Li H, Qiu J, Shao L, et al. A modified inexpensive transobturator vaginal tape inside‐out procedure versus tension‐free vaginal tape for the treatment of SUI: a prospective comparative study. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2011;284(6):1461‐6. [srincont59743] - PubMed
Chene 2009 {published data only}
    1. Chene G, Tardieu A‐S, Cotte B, Chauleur C, Savary D, Krief M, et al. [Health‐related quality of life in women operated on by surgical anti‐incontinence procedures: comparison of three techniques]. Gynecologie Obstetrique Fertilite 2009;36(1):3‐10. [srincont40235] - PubMed
Chong 2003 {published data only}
    1. Chong C, Bane A, Corstiaans A. Intraoperative division of tensionless vaginal tape (TVT) ‐ prospective randomized trial (Abstract). Singapore Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2003;34(Suppl 1):55. [17187]
Corcos 2001 {published data only}
    1. Corcos J, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Schick E, Macramallah E, Tessier J, et al. Surgery vs collagen for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI): results of a multicentric randomized trial (Abstract). Journal of Urology 2001;165(5 Suppl):198. [12912]
Corcos 2005 {published data only}
    1. Corcos J, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Herschorn S, Radomski SB, Schick E, et al. Multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing surgery and collagen injections for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Urology 2005;65(5):898‐904. [20346] - PubMed
Cotte 2006 {published data only}
    1. Cotte B, Dumousset E, Boda C, Mansoor A. Comparison of transobturator tape (TO) and tension free vaginal tape (TVT) using perineal ultrasound. Gynecologie, Obstetrique & Fertilite 2006;34:298‐303. - PubMed
Courtney‐Watson 2002 {published data only}
    1. Courtney‐Watson C. Comparison of two surgical methods for curing stress incontinence (recurrent). Data on file 2002. [16382]
Debodinance 2006 {published data only}
    1. Debodinance P. Transobturator urethral sling for surgical correction of female urinary incontinence: outside‐in (Monarc) versus inside‐out (TVT‐O). Are both ways safe?. Journal de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 2006;35(6):571‐7. - PubMed
Dietz 2005 {published data only}
    1. Dietz HP, Barry C, Lim Y, Rane A. 2D and 3D ultrasound imaging of suburethral slings: data from the 'suspend' randomized controlled trial (Abstract number 674). Proceedings of the International Continence Society (34th Annual Meeting) and the International Urogynecological Association, 2004 Aug 25‐27, Paris. 2004. [19084]
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Du 2008 {published data only}
    1. Du G‐H, Chen Z, HU WF, Zhang C‐H, Zhang J‐Y, Zhu Z‐Q, et al. [A multicenter study of mid urethral sling procedures in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence] [Chinese]. Chung‐Hua Wai Ko Tsa Chih [Chinese Journal of Surgery] 2008;46(20):1529‐32. [srincont29216] - PubMed
Falconer 2001 {published data only}
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Fischer 2005 {published data only}
    1. Fischer A, Fink T, Zachmann S, Eickenbusch U. Comparison of retropubic and outside‐in transoburator sling systems for the cure of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. European Urology 2005;48(5):799‐804. - PubMed
Foote 2012 {published data only}
    1. Foote A. A randomised trial comparing two vaginal prolene sling surgeries for female urinary incontinence. www.anzctr.org (accessed 19 Sep 2012) 2012. [ACTRN12612000314820 ; srincont45458]
Goldberg 2001 {published data only}
    1. Goldberg RP, Koduri S, Lobel RW, Culligan PJ, Tomezsko JE, Winkler HA, et al. Long‐term effects of three different anti‐incontinence procedures on the posterior compartment (Abstract number 243). Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2001 Sept 18‐21, Seoul, Korea. 2001. [14471]
Gopinath 2013 {published data only}
    1. Gopinath D, Smith AR, Holland C, Reid FM. Why don't women participate? A qualitative study on non‐participation in a surgical randomised controlled trial. International Urogynecology Journal 2013;24(6):969‐75. [srincont48114] - PubMed
Harmanli 2011 {published data only}
    1. Harmanli O, Boyer R, Metz S, Jones K, Tunitsky E. Double‐blinded randomized trial of preoperative antibiotics in midurethral sling procedures (Abstract number 1184). Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS) and the International Urogynecological Association, 2010 Aug 23‐27, Toronto, Canada. 2010. [Srincont 40210]
    1. Harmanli O, Boyer RL, Metz S, Tunitsky E, Jones KA. Double‐blinded randomized trial of preoperative antibiotics in midurethral sling procedures and review of the literature. International Urogynecology Journal 2011;22(10):1249‐53. [PUBMED: 21789661] - PubMed
Jackson 2013 {published data only}
    1. Jackson D, Higgins E, Bracken J, Yandell PM, Shull B, Foster RT Sr. Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infection after midurethral sling: a randomized controlled trial. Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery 2013;19(3):137‐41. [CARPET; NCT00734968; srincont48136] - PubMed
Jeon 2008 {published data only}
    1. Jeon MJ, Chung da J, Park JH, Kim SK, Kim JW, Bai SW. Surgical therapeutic index of tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator tape for stress urinary incontinence. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 2008;65(1):41‐6. [srincont26783] - PubMed
Jones 2010 {published data only}
    1. Jones R, Abrams P, Hilton P, Ward K, Drake M. Risk of tape‐related complications after TVT is at least 4%. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2010;29(1):40‐1. [srincont39866; PUBMED: 20025030] - PubMed
Karagkounis 2007 {published data only}
    1. Karagkounis SC, Pantelis A, Parashou GC, Paplomata E, Madenis N, Chrisanthoupoulos C, et al. Stress urinary incontinence: TVT OB system versus Duloxetine‐HCL and the winner is? (Abstract number 005). International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(Suppl 1):S3‐4.
Kim 2005a {published data only}
    1. Kim YB, Jeon YT, Jee BC, Park KH, Suh CS. The efficacy and safety of tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator suburethral tape in the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 237). International Urogynecology Journal 2005;16(Suppl 2):S87. [srincont27308]
Kim 2006 {published data only}
    1. Kim WT, Kim KT, Kim JW, Choe JH, Lee JS, Seo JT. [Comparative study of the tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure and the suprapubic arc sling (SPARC) procedure for treating female stress urinary incontinence: A 1‐year follow‐up]. Korean Journal of Urology 2006;47(4):397‐401. [srincont27044]
Kulseng‐Hanssen 2004 {published data only}
    1. Kulseng‐Hanssen S. Do preoperative objective and subjective findings predict the outcome of TVT operations in females complaining of mixed urinary incontinence? (Abstract number 310). Proceedings of the International Continence Society (34th Annual Meeting) and the International Urogynecological Association, 2004, Aug 23‐27, Paris. 2004. [19057]
Kulseng‐Hanssen 2007 {published data only}
    1. Kulseng‐Hanssen S, Husby H, Schiotz HA. The tension free vaginal tape operation for women with mixed incontinence: do preoperative variables predict the outcome?. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2007;26:115‐21. - PubMed
Kwon 2002 {published data only}
    1. Kwon C, Goldberg R, Sanjay G, Sumana K, Krotz S, Sand P. Protective effect of transvaginal slings on recurrent anterior vaginal wall prolapse after pelvic reconstructive surgery (Abstract). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2002;21(4):321‐2. [14540]
Liapis 2007 {published data only}
    1. Liapis A, Bakas P, Creatsas G. Assessment of TVT efficacy in the management of patients with genuine stress incontinence with the use of epidural vs intravenous anesthesia. International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18:1197–200. - PubMed
Liapis 2010 {published data only}
    1. Liapis A, Bakas P, Georgantopoulou C, Creatsas G. The use of oestradiol therapy in postmenopausal women after TVT‐O anti‐incontinence surgery. Maturitas 2010;66(1):101‐6. [srincont39604] - PubMed
Markland 2007 {published data only}
    1. Kirby AC, Nager CW, Litman HJ, FitzGerald MP, Kraus S, Norton P, et al. Preoperative voiding detrusor pressures and stress incontinence surgery outcomes (Abstract number 38). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2010;29(6):860‐1. [Srincont 40122]
    1. Kirby AC, Nager CW, Litman HJ, FitzGerald MP, Kraus S, Norton P, et al. Preoperative voiding detrusor pressures do not predict stress incontinence surgery outcomes. International urogynecology journal 2011;22(6):657‐63. [PUBMED: 21153471] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Markland AD, Kraus SR, Richter HE, Nager CW, Kenton K, Kerr L, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of fecal incontinence in women undergoing stress incontinence surgery. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007;197(6):662.e1‐7. [PUBMED: 18060972] - PubMed
McClure 2006 {published data only}
    1. McClure LA, Brown MB. A likelihood approach to analyzing clinical trial data when treatments favour different outcomes. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2006;27(4):340‐52. [22391] - PubMed
Meschia 2002 {published data only}
    1. Meschia M, Pifarotti P, Gattei U, Ronchetti A, Stoppelli S, Lampugnani F. TVT and prolapse repair for treatment of occult stress urinary incontinence: a randomized study (Abstract). Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2002 Aug 28‐30, Heidelberg, Germany. 2002:198‐9. [14518]
Osman 2003 {published data only}
    1. Osman T. Stress incontinence surgery for patients presenting with mixed incontinence and a normal cystometrogram. BJU International 2003;92(9):964‐8. [16660] - PubMed
Pace 2008 {published data only}
    1. Pace G, Vicentini C. Female sexual function evaluation of the tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and transobturator suburethral tape (TOT) incontinence surgery: results of a prospective study. Journal of Sexual Medicine 2008;5(2):387‐93. [srincont27116] - PubMed
Padilla‐Fernández 2013 {published data only}
    1. Padilla‐Fernandez B, Garcia‐Cenador MB, Collazos‐Robles RE, Garcia‐Sanchez MH, Garcia‐Sanchez A, Lorenzo‐Gomez MF. Transobturator tape with whipstitch edges for urinary incontinence allows postoperative adjustment and improves outcomes (Abstract number 606). Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2013 Aug 26‐30, Barcelona, Spain. 2013. [srincont60035]
Park 2008 {published data only}
    1. Park HK, Lee HW, Kim HG, Lee KS. Does tape tension have an effect on the success rate of transobturator tape surgery? (Abstract number 122). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2008;27(7):714‐5. [srincont31858]
Sabadell 2008 {published data only}
    1. Sabadell J, Luis Poza J, Sanchez‐Iglesias JL, Martinez‐Gomez X, Pla F, Xercavins J. [Comparison of the outside‐in and inside‐out routes in the use of transobturator tapes for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence]. Progresos en Obstetricia y Ginecologia 2008;51(8):464‐70. [srincont40241]
Schierlitz 2007 {published data only}
    1. Schierlitz L, Dwyer P, Rosamilia A, Murray C, Thomas E, Taylor N, et al. A prospective randomised controlled study comparing vaginal prolapse repair with and without tension free vaginal tape (TVT) in women with severe pelvic organ prolapse and occult stress incontinence (Abstract number 114). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2007;26(5):743‐4. [23759]
Schostak 2001 {published data only}
    1. Schostak M, Gottfried HW, Heicappell R, Muller M, Sauter T, Steiner U, et al. Minimally invasive bone anchoring for female stress incontinence: a treatment with moderate results (Abstract). European Urology 2001;39(Suppl 5):3. [16374]
Seo 2007 {published data only}
    1. Seo JH, Lee JW, Kim DY, Lee YG, Seo YJ, Kwon TG, et al. Treatment of obstructive voiding dysfunction after transobturator sling surgery: results of multicenter study (Abstract number 287). Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2007 Aug 20‐24, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 2007. [23762]
Shin 2010 {published data only}
    1. Shin JH, Lim JS, Song KH, Sul CK, Na YG. Prospective study comparing the suprapubic arc (Sparc) procedure and the transobturator (Monarc) procedure for treating female stress urinary incontinence. LUTS: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms 2010;2(1):37‐42. [srincont59687] - PubMed
Sivaslioglu 2007 {published data only}
    1. Sivaslioglu AA, Unlubilgin E, Dolen I, Kaplan M. The comparison of tissue fixation system (TFS) with transobturator tape (TOT) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (Abstract no. 061). International Urogynecology Journal 2007;18(Suppl 1):S36.
Surkont 2007 {published data only}
    1. Surkont G, Wlazlak E, Kazimierak W, Dunicz‐Sokolowska A, Suzin J. The influence of SUI operative treatment with use of IVS tape on quality of life. Ginekologia Polska 2007;78(5):381‐3. - PubMed
Takeyama 2006 {published data only}
    1. Takeyama M, Fukumoto Y, Noma M, Yamamoto K, Yamanaka M, Uesaka Y. A prospective study about trans‐obturator‐tape (TOT) procedures with the tape from the Gynecare TVT device and a C‐shape tunneller ‐ comparison between outside‐in and inside‐out procedures (Abstract number 489). Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2006 Nov 27‐Dec 1, Christchurch, New Zealand. 2006. [23751]
Tantanasis 2013 {published data only}
    1. Tantanasis T, Daniilidis A, Pantelis A, Chatzis P, Vrachnis N. Minimally invasive techniques for female stress urinary incontinence, how, why, when. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2013;288(5):995‐1001. [srincont49470] - PubMed
Tincello 2009 {published data only}
    1. Bakali E, Pitchforth E, Tincello DG, Kenyon S, Slack M, Toozs‐Hobson P, et al. Clinicians' views on the feasibility of surgical randomized trials in urogynecology: results of a questionnaire survey. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30(1):69‐74. [PUBMED: 20658541] - PubMed
    1. Jackson CJ, Dixon‐Woods M, Eborall H, Kenyon S, Toozs‐Hobson P, Tincello DG. Women's views and experiences of a patient preference trial in surgery: a qualitative study of the CARPET1 trial. Clinical Trials 2010;7(6):696‐704. [CARPET1; ISRCTN34759911; srincont40885] - PubMed
    1. Tincello DG, Kenyon S, Slack M, Toozs‐Hobson P, Mayne C, Jones D, et al. Colposuspension or TVT with anterior repair for urinary incontinence and prolapse: results of and lessons from a pilot randomised patient‐preference study (CARPET 1). BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2009;116(13):1809‐14. [PUBMED: 19781044] - PubMed
Tinelli 2007 {published data only}
    1. Tinelli A, Malvasi A, D'Anna L, Tinelli R, Perrone A, Tinelli FG. Presurgical promestriene therapy in postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence. Gynecological Endocrinology 2007;23(8):445‐50. [srincont23949] - PubMed
Trezza 2001 {published data only}
    1. Trezza G, Rotondi M, Palmisano B, Iervolino P. Uterovaginal prolapse and occult urinary incontinence: a prospective randomized study on the necessity to associate reconstructive surgery and antiincontinence procedure. [Italian]. Urogynaecologia International Journal 2001;15(1 Suppl):152‐4. [13713]
Wang 2001 {published data only}
    1. Wang AC, Chen MC. Randomized comparison of local versus epidural anesthesia for tension‐free vaginal tape operation. Journal of Urology 2001;165(4):1177‐80. [12424] - PubMed
Wei 2012 {published data only}
    1. Wei J. A midurethral sling prevents incontinence among women undergoing vaginal prolapse repair ‐ the OPUS trial. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30(6):809‐10. [SRINCONT 42165]
    1. Wei J, Nygaard I, Richter H, Brown M, Barber M, Xiao Xu, et al. Outcomes following vaginal prolapse repair and mid urethral sling (OPUS) trial‐‐design and methods. Clinical Trials 2009;6(2):162‐71. [srincont31120] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wei JT, Nygaard I, Richter HE, Nager CW, Barber MD, Kenton K, et al. A midurethral sling to reduce incontinence after vaginal prolapse repair. The New England Journal of Medicine 2012;366(25):2358‐67. [PUBMED: 22716974] - PMC - PubMed
Williams 2003 {published data only}
    1. Williams JG, Cheung WY, Cohen DR, Hutchings HA, Longo MF, Russell IT. Can randomised trials rely on existing electronic data? A feasibility study to explore the value of routine data in health technology assessment. Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England) 2003;7(26):1‐117. [16488] - PubMed
Yang 2012 {published data only}
    1. Yang X, Jiang M, Chen X, Tong X, Li H, Qiu J, et al. TVT‐O vs. TVT for the treatment of SUI: a non‐inferiority study. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23(1):99‐104. [srincont44553] - PubMed
Yoo 2007 {published data only}
    1. Yoo ES, Jung HC, Shin HS, Seo JH, Seo YJ. Comparison of the two different approaches for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 282). Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2007 Aug 20‐24, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 2007. [23760]
Yoon 2011 {published data only}
    1. Yoon H, Lee DH, Kim YJ. Early results of comparison of Contasure‐needleless (trademark) and TOT outside‐in midurethral slings (Abstract number 852). Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2011 Aug 29‐Sept 2, Glasgow, Scotland. 2011.
Zaccardi 2010 {published data only}
    1. Zaccardi JE, Wilson L, Mokrzycki ML. The effect of pelvic floor re‐education on comfort in women having surgery for stress urinary incontinence. Urologic Nursing 2010;30(2):137‐46, 148. [PUBMED: 20469573] - PubMed
Zullo 2005 {published data only}
    1. Zullo MA, Plotti F, Calcagno M, Palaia I, Muzii L, Manci N, et al. Vaginal estrogen therapy and overactive bladder symptoms in postmenopausal patients after a tension‐free vaginal tape procedure: a randomized clinical trial. Menopause 2005;12(4):421‐7. [20805] - PubMed

References to ongoing studies

Cavkaytar 2013 {published data only}
    1. Cavkaytar S, Aksakal SO, Kokanali MK, Topcu HO, Doganay M. Prospective randomized study comparing TVT and TOT in female stress urinary incontinence with no intrinsic sphincter deficiency. http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01903590 2013. [NCT01903590; srincont49363]
Sung 2013 {published data only}
    1. Sung VW, Wallace D. Effects of Surgical Treatment Enhanced with Exercise for Mixed Urinary Incontinence (ESTEEM). http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01959347 2013. [ESTEEM; NCT01959347; srincont49234]

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References to other published versions of this review

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